Chapter 19, Problem 19.56QP

Determine the molecularity, and write the rate law for each of the following elementary steps.

(a) X →products

(b) X + Y     →products

(c) X + Y + Z →products

(d) X + X     →products

(c) X + 2Y →products

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Unimolecular: A molecule undergoes rearrangement itself to give one or more products is said to be unimolecuar reactions.

Bimolecular: Two molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be bimolecular reactions.

Termolecular: Three molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be termolecular reactions.

Rate of a reaction: It represents the speed at which a chemical reaction runs.  How much concentration of substrates (reactants) consumed and how much concentration of targets (products) formed in a unit of time is said to be rate of reaction.

• Rate of reaction depends on time, temperature, pressure, concentration, and $\text{pH}$  of the reaction.

Answer to Problem 19.56QP

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps are

Unimolecular

$\text{rate = k[X]}$

Explanation of Solution

To determine the molecularity and the rate law

The given reaction is $\text{X}\to \text{products}$

• The given reaction has only one molecule as a starting material and which gives products.  So, the given reaction is unimolecular.
• For unimolecular reaction the rate can be represented as $\text{rate = k[X]}$

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Unimolecular: A molecule undergoes rearrangement itself to give one or more products is said to be unimolecuar reactions.

Bimolecular: Two molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be bimolecular reactions.

Termolecular: Three molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be termolecular reactions.

Rate of a reaction: It represents the speed at which a chemical reaction runs.  How much concentration of substrates (reactants) consumed and how much concentration of targets (products) formed in a unit of time is said to be rate of reaction.

• Rate of reaction depends on time, temperature, pressure, concentration, and $\text{pH}$ of the reaction.

Answer to Problem 19.56QP

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps are

Bimolecular

$\text{rate = k[X][Y]}$

Explanation of Solution

To determine the molecularity and the rate law

The given reaction is $\text{X+Y}\to \text{products}$

• The given reaction has two molecules as a starting materials and which gives products.  So, the given reaction is bimolecular.
• For bimolecular reaction the rate can be represented as $\text{rate = k[X][Y]}$

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Unimolecular: A molecule undergoes rearrangement itself to give one or more products is said to be unimolecuar reactions.

Bimolecular: Two molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be bimolecular reactions.

Termolecular: Three molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be termolecular reactions.

Rate of a reaction: It represents the speed at which a chemical reaction runs.  How much concentration of substrates (reactants) consumed and how much concentration of targets (products) formed in a unit of time is said to be rate of reaction.

• Rate of reaction depends on time, temperature, pressure, concentration, and $\text{pH}$ of the reaction.

Answer to Problem 19.56QP

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps are

Termolecular

$\text{rate = k[X][Y][Z]}$

Explanation of Solution

To determine the molecularity and the rate law

The given reaction is $\text{X+Y+Z}\to \text{products}$

• The given reaction has three molecules as a starting materials and which gives products.  So, the given reaction is termolecular.
• For termolecular reaction the rate can be represented as $\text{rate = k[X][Y][Z]}$

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Unimolecular: A molecule undergoes rearrangement itself to give one or more products is said to be unimolecuar reactions.

Bimolecular: Two molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be bimolecular reactions.

Termolecular: Three molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be termolecular reactions.

Rate of a reaction: It represents the speed at which a chemical reaction runs.  How much concentration of substrates (reactants) consumed and how much concentration of targets (products) formed in a unit of time is said to be rate of reaction.

• Rate of reaction depends on time, temperature, pressure, concentration, and $\text{pH}$ of the reaction.

Answer to Problem 19.56QP

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps are

Bimolecular

${\text{rate = k[X]}}^{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

To determine the molecularity and the rate law

The given reaction is $\text{X+X}\to \text{products}$

• The given reaction has two molecules as a starting materials and which gives products.  So, the given reaction is bimolecular.
• For bimolecular reaction the rate can be represented as ${\text{rate = k[X]}}^{\text{2}}$

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps have to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Unimolecular: A molecule undergoes rearrangement itself to give one or more products is said to be unimolecuar reactions.

Bimolecular: Two molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be bimolecular reactions.

Termolecular: Three molecules undergo collision to give one or more products is said to be termolecular reactions.

Rate of a reaction: It represents the speed at which a chemical reaction runs.  How much concentration of substrates (reactants) consumed and how much concentration of targets (products) formed in a unit of time is said to be rate of reaction.

• Rate of reaction depends on time, temperature, pressure, concentration, and $\text{pH}$ of the reaction.

Answer to Problem 19.56QP

The molecularity and the rate law for the given elementary steps are

Termolecular

${\text{rate = k[X][Y]}}^{\text{2}}$

Explanation of Solution

To determine the molecularity and the rate law

The given reaction is $\text{X+2Y}\to \text{products}$

• The given reaction has three molecules as a starting materials and which gives products.  So, the given reaction is termolecular.
• For termolecular reaction the rate can be represented as ${\text{rate = k[X][Y]}}^{\text{2}}$