Chapter 19, Problem 36QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The distribution of electrons in the low spin and high spin complexes of ${\text{Zn}}^{2+}$ ions needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A transition metal cation has no outer s- electrons available for bonding, rather the inner d -electrons (in case of 3d transition metal elements) are available for making coordinate bonds with the ligands. Electrons are distributed in the five d- orbitals according to Hund’s rule which results in a maximum number of unpaired electrons. The abbreviated electronic configuration of an element depicts the electronic configuration of the elements by making use of noble gas configuration as they have fully-filled electron shells.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The distribution of electrons in the low spin and high spin complexes of ${\text{Ni}}^{3+}$ needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A transition metal cation has no outer s- electrons available for bonding, rather the inner d -electrons (in case of 3d transition metal elements) are available for making coordinate bonds with the ligands. Electrons are distributed in the five d- orbitals according to Hun’s rule which results in a maximum number of unpaired electrons. The abbreviated electronic configuration of an element depicts the electronic configuration of the elements by making use of noble gas configuration as they have fully-filled electron shells.