Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 5TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an example of prokaryotic bacteria present in human guts. All prokaryotes have a simple cellular structure containing chromosomes, plasmid, and the nucleus is not surrounded by a nuclear membrane. The protein synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cells.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 19.1 - What additional biological questions can be...Ch. 19.2 - What is the principle behind whole-genome shotgun...Ch. 19.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 19.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 19.2 - Prob. 4SBCh. 19.3 - Prob. 1SBCh. 19.3 - Prob. 2SBCh. 19.3 - Prob. 3SBCh. 19.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 19.4 - Prob. 2SB
Ch. 19 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 19 - How do pseudogenes differ from genes? a. They are...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 19 - About 95% of the average human transcription unit...Ch. 19 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 19 - When two protein-coding genes have very similar...Ch. 19 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 19 - Discuss Concepts The genome of the yeast...Ch. 19 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 19 - Prob. 17TYKCh. 19 - Below is a sequence of 540 bases from a genome....
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- a. Which gene is mutated in individuals with sickle-cell anemia? b. What are the major symptoms of this disorder? c. What was the first published scientific description of sickle-cell anemia? d. Describe two other features of this disorder that you learned from the OMIM database and state where in the database you found this informationarrow_forwardGive two DIFFERENT examples of how the following can occur:a. A point mutation in an exon that is silent.b. A point mutation in an exon that is NOT silent.c. A point mutation in an intron that is NOT silent.d. A point mutation in a promoter that is NOT silent.arrow_forwardWhich of the following mutations would be the LEAST likely to have a harmful effect on an organism? A. insertion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene B. a single nucleotide substitution that produces a codon that codes for the same amino acid C. a single nucleotide insertion near the end of the coding sequence D. a single nucleotide insertion close to the start of the coding sequencearrow_forward
- A mouse gene was identified and determined to be required for formation of heart muscle. A gene with a similar sequence was identified in the human genome. What experiment could scientists do to determine if the mouse and human genes have similar functions? A. The scientist could place the normal human gene into normal mice and see if the resulting mice are viable. B. The scientist could search the human genome for genes that encode proteins that are identical to the protein encoded by the mouse gene. C. The scientist could place the normal human gene into mutant mice to see if heart muscle forms in the mouse. D. The scientist could place the mutant mouse gene into humans to see if humans develop without heart muscle.arrow_forwardWhy is it adaptive for a bacterium to not express the genes that encode that lactose utilization proteins when lactose is not available? a. Catabolism of lactose in protein transcription needs a lot of energy. b. The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve enzymes. c. The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve energy. d. The reason is conservation of energy for the enzyme. e. The bacterium opts not to express the genes that encode proteins responsible for breaking down lactose to conserve lactose.arrow_forwardThe Human Genome Project resulted in the identification of 20,000 genes that code for proteins in humans. On average, each gene can code for 4 different proteins. Which of the following processes explains how a single gene could code for more than one protein? A) the central dogma of molecular biology B) mutations C) alternative splicing D) redundancy in the genetic code E) the fact that there are three stop codonsarrow_forward
- If a mutation deletes the promoter in a eukrayotic gene, which of the following most accurately describes its consequence? A. There will be no mRNA or polypeptide made. B. The mRNA will be made but no polypeptide is made. C. The mRNA will not be processed properly. D. Nothing will happen. It is a silent mutation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not one of the ways that Avery’s transforming principle resembles DNA?a. It migrates like DNA in a centrifuge.b. It is not destroyed by DNA-digesting enzymes.c. It migrates like DNA in an electric field.d. It is not destroyed by protein-digesting enzymes.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements uses the term homologous correctly?A. The two X chromosomes in female mammalian cells are homologousto each other.B. The α-tubulin gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is homologousto the α-tubulin gene in Arabidopsis thaliana.C. The promoter of the lac operon is homologous to the promoterof the trp operon.D. The lacY genes of E. coli and K. pneumoniae are approximately60% homologous to each other.arrow_forward
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