Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260409062
Author: WILLEY, Joanne
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Textbook Question
Chapter 19.3, Problem 2CC
Why is rRNA so suitable for determining relatedness?
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Why must tRNA molecules have both unique structural features and common structural features?
What is meant by the statement “The genetic code is universal”? What is the significance of this finding?
How does the cell ensure that a specific amino acid (say, valine) attaches itself only to the one tRNA molecule that is specific for valine?
(A) Proteins called aminoacyl DNA synthetases are responsible for bringing together the proper pair. The enzymes match the amino acid and one of the correct DNA molecules carrying the right anticodon.
(B) Lipids called aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are responsible for bringing together the proper pair. The lipid binds the amino acid and one of the correct tRNA molecules carrying the right codon.
(C) Enzymes called aminoacyl tRNA synthetases are responsible for bringing together the proper pair. The enzymes match the amino acid and one of the correct tRNA molecules carrying the right anticodon.
(D) Enzymes called peptidyl mRNA synthetases are responsible for bringing together the proper pair. The enzymes match the amino acid and one of the correct mRNA molecules carrying the right anticodon.
Chapter 19 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 19.1 - What is a natural classification? What microbial...Ch. 19.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 19.1 - Consider the finding that bacteria capable of...Ch. 19.2 - What is the difference between a microbial species...Ch. 19.2 - Why is it important to have a type strain for each...Ch. 19.2 - The genus Salmonella was once thought to contain...Ch. 19.3 - What are the advantages of using each major group...Ch. 19.3 - Why is rRNA so suitable for determining...Ch. 19.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.4 - Could a phylotype be considered an OTU? What about...
Ch. 19.4 - List the differences between distance-based and...Ch. 19.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 19.4 - You are building a tree based on 16S rRNA sequence...Ch. 19.4 - Is HGT involved in movement of genes in the core...Ch. 19.5 - On what evidence is this hypothesis based?Ch. 19.5 - Construct a scenario in which each of the...Ch. 19.5 - Define ecotype. Do you think it is necessary to...Ch. 19.5 - What is the difference between the core genome and...Ch. 19.5 - Of the following genes, which do you think are...Ch. 19.5 - Prob. 4CCCh. 19.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 19.6 - Describe two different situations in which it...Ch. 19 - Prob. 1RCCh. 19 - Prob. 2RCCh. 19 - Prob. 3RCCh. 19 - Prob. 4RCCh. 19 - Prob. 5RCCh. 19 - Prob. 6RCCh. 19 - Consider the fact that the use of 16S rRNA...Ch. 19 - You have recently established a pure culture of a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 3ALCh. 19 - Prob. 4ALCh. 19 - Prob. 5ALCh. 19 - Prob. 6ALCh. 19 - Prob. 7AL
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- Consider a template strand of DNA with the following sequence: 3 '–CAA TGT ATT TTT GCT–5 '. (a) What is the informational strand of DNA that corresponds to this template? (b) What mRNA is prepared from this template? (c) What polypeptide is prepared from the mRNA?arrow_forwardIf an extra nucleotide is inserted in the first exon of the beta globin gene, what effect will it have on the amino acid sequence of the globin polypeptides? Will the globin most likely be fully functional, partly functional, or nonfunctional? Why?arrow_forwardHow many kilobases of the DNA strand below will code for the protein product?arrow_forward
- How is a protein with a proper sequence generated?arrow_forwardCystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited disorder caused by different types of mutations, many of which prevent ions from moving across cell membranes. Normally there are channel proteins that allow passage of the ions, but in patients with one kind of CF these proteins seem odd. Closer examination shows that these proteins display the correct amino acid sequence. However, they fail to do their job. A) Given that the primary structure of the protein is correct, what can you infer about the DNA sequence for the gene coding this protein on this patient, is there a mutation? Explain. B) Why is the primary structure insufficient to guarantee the proper function of the protein?arrow_forwardWhat amino acid would a tRNA with anticodon CUA carry? Enter the 3 letter code only [A]. [e.g. Met for anticodon UAC]arrow_forward
- An RNA molecule has the following percentages of bases: A = 27%, U = 38%, C=20%, G = 15%. (A) Is this RNA molecule single-stranded or double stranded? How can you tell? (B) What would be the percentage of each of the bases in the template strand of the DNA that contains the gene for this RNA?arrow_forwardIn what ways does the double helix explain the essential properties of a gene?arrow_forwardWhen is a DNA sequence said to be conserved?arrow_forward
- What are HU and H-NS (Histone-like Nucleoid Structuring) proteins ?arrow_forwardThree E. coli tRNA molecules with the anticodon sequences CGG, OGG , and UGG are charged with the same amino acid. What is the amino acid ?arrow_forwardFor a DNA template strand containing the sequence 3'AATTGGCC 5', what is the sequence of nucleotides from the 5' to the 3' end in the mRNA transcript?arrow_forward
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