Chapter 19.SE, Problem 31MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Ketones react with Grignard reagents to yield addition product which on acidification yield a tertiary alcohol a product.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes and ketones react with NaCN, HCN to yield cyanohydrins. It is a case of nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

NaBH₄ reduces aldehydes to primary alcohols and ketones to secondary alcohols. During the reaction the nucleophilic addition of hydrogen to the carbonyl group takes place.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.

Interpretation Introduction

d)

Interpretation:

The products formed in the reaction given are to be identified. The mechanism of the reaction also is to be provided.

Concept introduction:

Aldehydes react with Grignard reagents to yield a secondary alcohol and with ketones to yield tertiary alcohols.

To identify:

The products formed in the reaction given and to provide the mechanism of the reaction.