Concept explainers
Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated.
Timber Values Under Scribner Scale The following table compares dollar values per standard cord
Values per cord | Values per MRF Scribner |
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a. Make a table showing the average rate of change for each interval of values.
b. Would you expect the value per MBF Scribner to have a limiting value?
c. If you are selling timber from trees
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Functions and Change: A Modeling Approach to College Algebra (MindTap Course List)
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College Algebra (5th Edition)
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- ReminderRound all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Protein Content of Wheat GrainProtein content of wheat grain is affected by soil moisture and the amount of available nitrogen among other things. Figure 1.45 shows" the percent of protein content of wheat grain versus pounds of nitrogen per acre applied in three separate situations. In each case, soil moisture refers to moisture at the soil depth of 2 inches to 12 inches. Situation 1: Irrigation was used when soil moisture dropped to 49. Situation 2: Irrigation was used when soil moisture dropped to 34. Situation 3: Irrigation was used when soil moisture dropped to 1. a. If irrigation begins when soil moisture reaches 49, what application of nitrogen will result in the lowest percentage of protein in wheat grain? b. If irrigation begins when soil moisture reaches 34, what application of nitrogen will result in the same protein content of wheat grain as beginning irrigation when soil moisture reaches 1? c. If you irrigate when soil moisture reaches 34, how much nitrogen should you apply to achieve a 13 protein content in wheat grain? d. Does Figure 1.45 indicate that, for nitrogen levels at 45 pounds per acre or higher, increased protein content in wheat grain is associated with higher or lower soil moisture? FIGURE 1.45 Protein content versus availability of nitrogenarrow_forwardReminder: Round all answer to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. 3.Fat in Fast Food You are shopping for dinner for your family in a fast-food restaurant, but you are concerned about fat. An informative menu gives you the following information. Item Hamburger Chicken Sandwich Fries Onion rings Grams of fat 24 13 30 25 a. How much total fat is in an order of 3 hamburgers, 1 chicken sandwich, 2 orders of fries, and 2 orders of onion rings? b. Use a formula to express the total grams of fat F in an order of h hamburgers, c chicken sandwiches, f orders of fries, and o orders of onion rings.arrow_forwardReminder Round all answer to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Digitized Pictures on a Disk Drive The hard disk drive on a computer holds 800 gigabytes of information. That is 800,000 megabytes. The formatting information, operating system, and applications software take up 6000 megabytes of disk space. The operator wants to store on his computer a collection of digitized pictures, each of which requires 2 megabytes of storage space. a. We think of the total amount of storage space used on the disk drive as a function of the number of pictures that are stored on the drive. Explain why this function in linear. b. Find a formula to express the total amount of storage space used on the disk drive as a linear function of the number of pictures that are stored on the drive. Be sure to identify what the letters you use mean. Explain in practical terms what the slope of this function is. c. Express using functional notation the total amount storage space used on the disk drive if there are 350 pictures stored on the drive, and then calculate that value. d. After putting a number of pictures on the disk drive, the operator executes a directory command, and at the end of the list, the computer displays the message 769, 000, 000, 000 bytes free. This message means that there are 769,000 megabytes of storage space left on the computer. How many pictures are stored on the disk drive? How many additional pictures can be added before the disk drive is filled?arrow_forward
- Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Cleaning Contaminated Water A tank of water is contaminated with 60 pounds of salt. In order to bring the salt concentration down to a level consistent with EPA standards, clean water is being piped into tank, and the well-mixed overflow is being collected for removal to a toxic-waste site. The result is that at the end of each hour, there is 22 less salt in the tank than at the beginning of the hour. Let S=S(t) denote the number of pounds of salt in the tank t hours after the flushing process begins. a. Explain why S is an exponential function and find its hourly decay factor. b. Give a formula for S. c. Make a graph of S that shows the flushing process during the first 15 hours, and describe in words how the salt removal process progresses. d. In order to meet EPA standards, there can be no more than 3 pounds of salt in the tank. How long must the process continue before EPA standards are met? e. Suppose this cleanup procedure costs 8000 per hour to operate. How much does it cost to reduce the amount of salt from 60 pounds to 3 pounds? How much does it cost to reduce the amount of salt from 3 pounds to 0.1 pound?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answer to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Lean Body Weight in Males Your lean body weight L is the amount you would weigh if all the fat in your body were to disappear. One text gives the following estimate of lean body weight L in pounds for young adult males: L=98.42+1.08W4.14A, where W is total weight in pounds and A is abdominal circumference in inches. 7 a. Consider a group of young adult males who have the same abdominal circumference. If their weight increases but their abdominal circumference remains the same, how does their lean body weight change? b. Consider a group of young adult males who have the same weight. If their abdominal circumference decreases but their weight stays the same, how does their lean body weight change? c. Suppose a young adult male has a lean body weight of 144 pounds. Over a period of time, he gains 15 pounds in total weight, and his abdominal circumference increases by 2 inches. What is his lean body weight now?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. The MacArthur-Wilson Theory of Biogeography Consider an island that is separated from the mainland, which contains a pool of potential colonizer species. The MacArthur-Wilson theory of biogeography hypothesizes that some species from the mainland will migrate to the island, but that increasing competition on the island will lead to species extinction. It further hypothesizes that both the rate of migration and the rate of extinction of species are exponential functions, and that an equilibrium occurs when the rate of extinction matches the rate of immigration. This equilibrium point is thought to be the point at which immigration and extinction stabilize. Suppose that, for a certain island near the mainland, the rate of immigration of new species is given by I=4.20.93tspeciesperyear and that the rate of species extinction on the island is given by E=1.51.1tspeciesperyear. According, to the MacArthur-Wilson theory, how long will be required for stabilization to occur, and what will be the immigration and extinction rates at that time?arrow_forward
- Reminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Boron Uptake Many factors influence a plants uptake of boron from the soil, but one key factor is soil type. One experiment40 compared plant content C of boron, in parts per million, with the amount B, in parts per million, of water-soluble boron in the soil. In Decatur silty clay, the relation is given by C=33.78+37.5B. In Hartsells fine sandy loam, the relation is given by C=31.22+71.17B. a. What amount of available water-soluble boron will result in the same plant content of boron for Decatur silty clay and Hartsells fine sandy loam? If you choose to solve this problem graphically, we suggest a horizontal span of 0 to 0.5 for B b. For available boron amounts larger than that found in part a, which of the two soil types results in the larger plant content of boron?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. The Fukushima Disaster On March 11, 2011, Japan suffered an earthquake and tsunami that caused a disastrous accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant. Among many other results, amounts of iodine-131 that were 27 times the government limit were found in a sample of spinach 60 miles away?' Now, 27 times the government limit of iodine-131 is 54 thousand becquerels per kilogram." The following table shows the amount I, in thousands of becquerels per kilogram, of iodine-131 that would remain after t days. t=time,indays I=amountofiodine-131 0 54.00 1 49.52 2 45.41 3 41.64 4 38.18 a. Show that the data are exponential. In this part and the next, round to three decimal places b. Find an exponential model that shows the amount of iodine-131 present after t days. c. How long will it take for the amount of iodine-131 to fall to the government limit of 2 thousand becquerels per kilogram? Round your answer to the nearest whole day.arrow_forwardReminderRound all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Deaths from the Heart DiseaseTable A and B show the deaths per 100,000 caused by heart disease in the United States for males and females aged 55 to 64 years. The function Hm gives deaths per 100,000 for males, and Hf gives deaths per 100,000 for females. a.Approximate the value of dHmdt in 2004 using the average rate of change from 2004 to 2007. b.Explain the meaning of the number you calculated in part a in practical terms. You should, among other things, tell what the sign means. TABLE AHeart Disease Deaths per 100,000 for Males Aged 55 to 64 Years t=year Hm=deathsper100,000 1990 537.3 2000 371.7 2003 331.7 2004 312.8 2007 288.8 c.Use your answer from part a to estimate the heart disease death rate for males aged 55 to 64 years in 2006 d.Approximate the value of dHfdt for 2004 using the average rate of change from 2004 to 2007. e.Explain what your calculations from parts a and d tell you about comparing heart disease deaths for men and women in 2004. TABLE BHeart Disease Deaths per 100,000 for Females Aged 55 to 64 Years t=year Hf=deathsper100,000 1990 215.7 2000 159.3 2003 141.9 2004 131.5 2007 117.9arrow_forward
- Reminder Round all answer to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Lean Body Weight in Females This is a continuation of Exercise 20. The text cited in Exercise 20 gives a more complex method of calculating lean body weight for your adult females: L=19.81+0.73W+21.2R0.88A1.39H+2.43F. Here L is lean body weight in pounds, W is weight in pounds, R is wrist diameter in inches, A is abdominal circumference in inches, H is hip circumference in inches, and F is forearm circumference in inches. Assuming the validity of the formulas given here and in Exercise 20, compare the increase in lean body weight of young adult males and of young adult females if their weight increases but all others factors remain the same. Lean Body Weight in Males Your lean body weight L is the amount you would weigh if all the fat in your body were to disappear. One text gives the following estimate of lean body weight L in pounds for young adult males: L=98.42+1.08W4.14A, Where W is total weight in pounds and A is abdominal circumference in inches. 7 a. Consider a group of young adult males who have the same abdominal circumference. If their weight increases but their abdominal circumference remains the same, how does their lean body weight change? b. Consider a group of young adult males who have the same weight. If their abdominal circumference decreases but their weight stays the same, how does their lean body weight change? c. Suppose a young adult male has a lean body weight of 144 pounds. Over a period of time, he gains 15 pounds in total weight, and his abdominal circumference increases by 2 inches. What is his lean body weight now?arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. Defense SpendingData about recent federal defense spending are given in the accompanying Statistical Abstract of the United States table. Here t denotes the time, in years, since 1990 and D denotes federal defense spending, in billions of dollars. a.Calculate the average yearly rate of change in defense spending from 1990 to 1995. b.Use your answer from part a to estimate D(3), and explain what it means. t= Years since 1990 D= Spending billions of dollars 0 328.4 5 310.0 10 341.5 15 565.5 20 843.8 c.Calculate the average yearly rate of change in defense spending from 2005 to 2010. d.Use your answer form part c to estimate the value of D(22).arrow_forwardReminder Round all answers to two decimal places unless otherwise indicated. A Coin CollectionThe value of a coin collection increases as new coins are added and the value of some rare coins in the collection increases. The value V, in dollars, of the collection t years after the collection was started is given by the following table. t=time,inyears V=value,indollars 0 130.00 1 156.00 2 187.20 3 224.64 4 269.57 a. Show that these data are exponential. b. Find an exponential model for the data. c. According to the model, when will the collection have a value of 500?arrow_forward
- Functions and Change: A Modeling Approach to Coll...AlgebraISBN:9781337111348Author:Bruce Crauder, Benny Evans, Alan NoellPublisher:Cengage Learning