Chapter 2, Problem 10TY

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Endocrine glands are ductless glands and they secrete the substances secreted by them (hormones) directly into the bloodstream. Major endocrine glands are pituitary gland, hypothalamus, pancreas, adrenal glands, and pineal glands. Hyperfunction and hypofunction of these glands can result in diseases.

Answer to Problem 10TY

Correct answer:

All the other endocrine glands are influenced by the pituitary gland. Therefore, option b. is correct.

Option b. is given as “pituitary gland”.

Explanation of Solution

Reasons for the correct statement:

Pituitary gland is a pea-sized gland present at the bottom of the hypothalamus. This gland is made up of three lobes; posterior, anterior, and intermediate lobes. This gland regulates the activity of the all the other endocrine glands.

Hence, option b. is correct.

Reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option a. is given as “pineal gland”.

Pineal gland produces the hormone melatonin which modulates sleep patterns in an individual. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option c. is given as “thyroid gland”.

Thyroid gland is known to regulate iodine metabolism in the body. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Option d. is given as “adrenal glands”.

Adrenal glands produce adrenaline which is known to regulate the fight-or-flight response of the body. Hence, it is a wrong answer.

Hence, options a., c., and d. are incorrect.

Conclusion

Pituitary gland regulates the functioning of other endocrine glands.