The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained. Concept Introduction : Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 1Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1Q

Crystallization of sulfanilamide did not occur because of the proper ratio of solute and solvent is not taken in dissolving.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

10 mL volume of 95% ethyl alcohol is added to impure sulfanilamide of mass 0.10 g. After dissolving the solid, solution is cooled to room temperature and placed on ice-water bath for crystallization.

Sulfanilamide contains both polar sulfonamide,amine and non-polar benzene groups in its molecule, Thus, to solvate it properly, it requires a solvent of intermediate polarity. Solution of 95% ethyl alcohol contains 5% water (which is highly polar) so it is a good choice.The problem in the given experiment is not with the chosen solvent pair, but with the amount of the solvent used for dissolving the solute. At high temperatures, small quantity of solvent is to be taken for dissolving maximum quantity of solute for recrystallization, which then can be extracted when the solution is cooled, otherwise the solute would not be removed as crystals.

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Consider a crystallization of sulfanilamide in which 10mL of hot 95% ethyl alcohol is added to 0.10 g of impure sulfanilamide. After the solid has dissolved, the solution is cooled to room temperature and then placed in an ice-water bath. No crystals form, even after scratching with a glass rod. Explain why this crystallization failed. What would you have to do at this point to make the crystallization work? Assume that starting over again with a new sample is not an option.

20 ml of a 100 mg/l phenol solution in water is placed in a vial with 20 ml of a fluorocarbon solvent. The organic phase (fluorocarbon solvent) is immiscible with water. The vial is completely filled with the two phases, thus there is no air or contaminant volatilization. After an hour of agitation, the two phase system reaches equilibrium. The two phases are separated and the fluorocarbon is analyzed for total phenol. The resulting phenol concentration in the organic phase is 16.0 mg/l. Compute the unitless partition coefficient (KF-W) for phenol. Compare your calculation with KF-W obtained from an empirical relationship: log10KF-W 0.71 - 0.862log10 CWsat. KF-W means the partition between the fluorocarbon solvent, F, and water, W. Only typed solution.

Saturated aqueous sodium chloride (d = 1.2 g/mL) is added to the followingmixtures in order to dry the organic layer. Which layer is likely to be on thebottom in each case?a. Sodium chloride layer or a layer containing a high-density organic compound dissolved in methylene chloride (d = 1.4 g/mL)b. Sodium chloride layer or a layer containing a low-density organic compound dissolved in methylene chloride (d = 1.1 g/mL)

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 1Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1Q

Crystallization of sulfanilamide did not occur because of the proper ratio of solute and solvent is not taken in dissolving.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

10 mL volume of 95% ethyl alcohol is added to impure sulfanilamide of mass 0.10 g. After dissolving the solid, solution is cooled to room temperature and placed on ice-water bath for crystallization.

Sulfanilamide contains both polar sulfonamide,amine and non-polar benzene groups in its molecule, Thus, to solvate it properly, it requires a solvent of intermediate polarity. Solution of 95% ethyl alcohol contains 5% water (which is highly polar) so it is a good choice.The problem in the given experiment is not with the chosen solvent pair, but with the amount of the solvent used for dissolving the solute. At high temperatures, small quantity of solvent is to be taken for dissolving maximum quantity of solute for recrystallization, which then can be extracted when the solution is cooled, otherwise the solute would not be removed as crystals.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 1Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1Q

Crystallization of sulfanilamide did not occur because of the proper ratio of solute and solvent is not taken in dissolving.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

10 mL volume of 95% ethyl alcohol is added to impure sulfanilamide of mass 0.10 g. After dissolving the solid, solution is cooled to room temperature and placed on ice-water bath for crystallization.

Sulfanilamide contains both polar sulfonamide,amine and non-polar benzene groups in its molecule, Thus, to solvate it properly, it requires a solvent of intermediate polarity. Solution of 95% ethyl alcohol contains 5% water (which is highly polar) so it is a good choice.The problem in the given experiment is not with the chosen solvent pair, but with the amount of the solvent used for dissolving the solute. At high temperatures, small quantity of solvent is to be taken for dissolving maximum quantity of solute for recrystallization, which then can be extracted when the solution is cooled, otherwise the solute would not be removed as crystals.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 2, Problem 1Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1Q

Crystallization of sulfanilamide did not occur because of the proper ratio of solute and solvent is not taken in dissolving.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

10 mL volume of 95% ethyl alcohol is added to impure sulfanilamide of mass 0.10 g. After dissolving the solid, solution is cooled to room temperature and placed on ice-water bath for crystallization.

Sulfanilamide contains both polar sulfonamide,amine and non-polar benzene groups in its molecule, Thus, to solvate it properly, it requires a solvent of intermediate polarity. Solution of 95% ethyl alcohol contains 5% water (which is highly polar) so it is a good choice.The problem in the given experiment is not with the chosen solvent pair, but with the amount of the solvent used for dissolving the solute. At high temperatures, small quantity of solvent is to be taken for dissolving maximum quantity of solute for recrystallization, which then can be extracted when the solution is cooled, otherwise the solute would not be removed as crystals.

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Answer 5

Chapter 2, Problem 1Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1Q

Crystallization of sulfanilamide did not occur because of the proper ratio of solute and solvent is not taken in dissolving.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

10 mL volume of 95% ethyl alcohol is added to impure sulfanilamide of mass 0.10 g. After dissolving the solid, solution is cooled to room temperature and placed on ice-water bath for crystallization.

Sulfanilamide contains both polar sulfonamide,amine and non-polar benzene groups in its molecule, Thus, to solvate it properly, it requires a solvent of intermediate polarity. Solution of 95% ethyl alcohol contains 5% water (which is highly polar) so it is a good choice.The problem in the given experiment is not with the chosen solvent pair, but with the amount of the solvent used for dissolving the solute. At high temperatures, small quantity of solvent is to be taken for dissolving maximum quantity of solute for recrystallization, which then can be extracted when the solution is cooled, otherwise the solute would not be removed as crystals.

Answer 6

Chapter 2, Problem 1Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1Q

Crystallization of sulfanilamide did not occur because of the proper ratio of solute and solvent is not taken in dissolving.

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

10 mL volume of 95% ethyl alcohol is added to impure sulfanilamide of mass 0.10 g. After dissolving the solid, solution is cooled to room temperature and placed on ice-water bath for crystallization.

Sulfanilamide contains both polar sulfonamide,amine and non-polar benzene groups in its molecule, Thus, to solvate it properly, it requires a solvent of intermediate polarity. Solution of 95% ethyl alcohol contains 5% water (which is highly polar) so it is a good choice.The problem in the given experiment is not with the chosen solvent pair, but with the amount of the solvent used for dissolving the solute. At high temperatures, small quantity of solvent is to be taken for dissolving maximum quantity of solute for recrystallization, which then can be extracted when the solution is cooled, otherwise the solute would not be removed as crystals.

Answer 7

Chapter 2, Problem 1Q

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reason for no crystallization of the sulfanilamide in the give experimental procedure needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction:

Crystallization is explained as a procedure by which formation of crystal or solid takes place by precipitating them from the solution. It takes place by either supercooling the solution liquid or by supersaturated solvent.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer to Problem 1Q

Crystallization of sulfanilamide did not occur because of the proper ratio of solute and solvent is not taken in dissolving.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Explanation of Solution

Given Information:

10 mL volume of 95% ethyl alcohol is added to impure sulfanilamide of mass 0.10 g. After dissolving the solid, solution is cooled to room temperature and placed on ice-water bath for crystallization.

Sulfanilamide contains both polar sulfonamide,amine and non-polar benzene groups in its molecule, Thus, to solvate it properly, it requires a solvent of intermediate polarity. Solution of 95% ethyl alcohol contains 5% water (which is highly polar) so it is a good choice.The problem in the given experiment is not with the chosen solvent pair, but with the amount of the solvent used for dissolving the solute. At high temperatures, small quantity of solvent is to be taken for dissolving maximum quantity of solute for recrystallization, which then can be extracted when the solution is cooled, otherwise the solute would not be removed as crystals.

Answer 12

Ch. 2 - Prob. 1Q Ch. 2 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 2 - Prob. 3Q

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