MODIFIED MASTERING CHEMISTRY W/ETEXT
MODIFIED MASTERING CHEMISTRY W/ETEXT
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781323479490
Author: Tro
Publisher: PEARSON C
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Chapter 2, Problem 1SAQ
Interpretation Introduction

Introduction: Joseph Proust in 1797, gave a law of definite proportion. According to this law, all the samples of a compound contains same proportion of their constituent elements regardless of whatever the source of the compound.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Explanation of Solution

Correct answer: The mass of B produced by sample 2 is 58 g. Therefore, option (b) is correct.

Justify reasons for the correct statement:

In accordance with the law of definite proportions, the mass of constituent elements in all the samples of a given compound are in the same proportion. This means, in first sample the total mass of a compound i.e.50 g produces 15 g of A and 35 g of B. Calculate the ratio of A over B as follows:

Ratio=Mass of AMass of B=15 g35 g=37

Thus, A:B is 3:7.

As the ratio of the constituent elements in a compound remains same. Therefore, this ratio is used to calculate the mass of B. Calculate the mass of B as follows:

Mass of A (sample 1)Mass of B (sample 1)=Mass of A (sample 2)Mass of B (sample 2)15 g35 g=25 gMass of B (sample 1)

Rearrange the above expression as follows:

Mass of B (sample 1)=25 g×35 g15 g=58 g

Justify reasons for the incorrect statements:

Option (a) is incorrect because according to the above calculations, the mass of element B cannot be obtained as 11g.

Option (c) is incorrect because according to the above calculations, the mass of element B cannot be obtained as 21g.

Option (d) is incorrect because according to the above calculations, the mass of element B cannot be obtained as 45g.

Conclusion

The correct answer is option (b).

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02:29

Chapter 2 Solutions

MODIFIED MASTERING CHEMISTRY W/ETEXT

Ch. 2 - Prob. 11SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 12SAQCh. 2 - Q13. Determine the number of atoms in 1.85 mL of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 14SAQCh. 2 - Prob. 15SAQCh. 2 - 1. What is Brownian motion? How is it related to...Ch. 2 - 2. Summarize the history of the atomic idea. How...Ch. 2 - 3. State and explain the law of conservation of...Ch. 2 - 4. State and explain the law of definite...Ch. 2 - Prob. 5ECh. 2 - Prob. 6ECh. 2 - Prob. 7ECh. 2 - 8. Explain Millikan’s oil drop experiment and how...Ch. 2 - Prob. 9ECh. 2 - 10. Describe the Rutherford’s gold foil...Ch. 2 - 11. Describe Rutherford’s nuclear model of the...Ch. 2 - 12. If matter is mostly empty space, as suggested...Ch. 2 - Prob. 13ECh. 2 - Prob. 14ECh. 2 - Prob. 15ECh. 2 - Prob. 16ECh. 2 - 17. What are isotopes? What is the percent natural...Ch. 2 - 18. Describe the two different notations used to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 19ECh. 2 - Prob. 20ECh. 2 - Prob. 21ECh. 2 - Prob. 22ECh. 2 - Prob. 23ECh. 2 - Prob. 24ECh. 2 - Prob. 25ECh. 2 - Prob. 26ECh. 2 - Prob. 27ECh. 2 - 28. Why is the mass corresponding to a mole of one...Ch. 2 - 29. A hydrogen-filled balloon is ignited and 1.50...Ch. 2 - 30. An automobile gasoline tank holds 21 kg of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 31ECh. 2 - 32. Two samples of sodium chloride are decomposed...Ch. 2 - Prob. 33ECh. 2 - Prob. 34ECh. 2 - Prob. 35ECh. 2 - Prob. 36ECh. 2 - Prob. 37ECh. 2 - 38. Sulfur and fluorine form several different...Ch. 2 - 39. Which statements are consistent with Dalton’s...Ch. 2 - 40. Which statements are inconsistent with...Ch. 2 - 41. Which statements are consistent with...Ch. 2 - Prob. 42ECh. 2 - 43. A chemist in an imaginary universe, where...Ch. 2 - Prob. 44ECh. 2 - 45. On a dry day, your body can accommodate static...Ch. 2 - Prob. 46ECh. 2 - 47. Which statements about subatomic particles are...Ch. 2 - Prob. 48ECh. 2 - 49. How many electrons does it take to equal the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 50ECh. 2 - 51. Write isotopic symbols in the form X-A (e.g.,...Ch. 2 - Prob. 52ECh. 2 - Prob. 53ECh. 2 - 54. Determine the number of protons and the number...Ch. 2 - Prob. 55ECh. 2 - Prob. 56ECh. 2 - Prob. 57ECh. 2 - 58. Determine the number of protons and the number...Ch. 2 - Prob. 59ECh. 2 - 60. Predict the charge of the ion formed by each...Ch. 2 - Prob. 61ECh. 2 - Prob. 62ECh. 2 - Prob. 63ECh. 2 - Prob. 64ECh. 2 - Prob. 65ECh. 2 - Prob. 66ECh. 2 - Prob. 67ECh. 2 - Prob. 68ECh. 2 - 69. Which pair of elements do you expect to be...Ch. 2 - 70. Which pair of elements do you expect to be...Ch. 2 - 71. Gallium has two naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 2 - Prob. 72ECh. 2 - Prob. 73ECh. 2 - Prob. 74ECh. 2 - Prob. 75ECh. 2 - 76. An element has four naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - 77. Bromine has two naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 2 - 78. Silicon has three naturally occurring isotopes...Ch. 2 - 79. Use the mass spectrum of europium to determine...Ch. 2 - 80. Use the mass spectrum of rubidium to determine...Ch. 2 - 81. How many sulfur atoms are there in 5.52 mol of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 82ECh. 2 - Prob. 83ECh. 2 - Prob. 84ECh. 2 - Prob. 85ECh. 2 - Prob. 86ECh. 2 - 87. Calculate the number of atoms in each...Ch. 2 - 88. Calculate the number of atoms in each...Ch. 2 - 89. Calculate the mass, in grams, of each...Ch. 2 - Prob. 90ECh. 2 - Prob. 91ECh. 2 - Prob. 92ECh. 2 - 93. Calculate the average mass, in grams, of one...Ch. 2 - 94. Using scanning tunneling microscopy,...Ch. 2 - 95. A 7.83 g sample of HCN contains 0.290 g of H...Ch. 2 - Prob. 96ECh. 2 - 97. The ratio of oxygen to carbon by mass in...Ch. 2 - 98. The ratio of the mass of a nitrogen atom to...Ch. 2 - Prob. 99ECh. 2 - Prob. 100ECh. 2 - Prob. 101ECh. 2 - Prob. 102ECh. 2 - Prob. 103ECh. 2 - Prob. 104ECh. 2 - 105. Fill in the blanks to complete the...Ch. 2 - Prob. 106ECh. 2 - 107. Carbon-12 contains six protons and six...Ch. 2 - 108. A penny has a thickness of approximately 1.0...Ch. 2 - 109. Consider the stack of pennies in the previous...Ch. 2 - Prob. 110ECh. 2 - Prob. 111ECh. 2 - Prob. 112ECh. 2 - 113. A pure copper sphere has a radius of 0.935...Ch. 2 - Prob. 114ECh. 2 - Prob. 115ECh. 2 - 116. Boron has only two naturally occurring...Ch. 2 - Prob. 117ECh. 2 - Prob. 118ECh. 2 - Prob. 119ECh. 2 - 120. Naturally occurring chlorine is composed of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 121ECh. 2 - 122. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)...Ch. 2 - 123. Pure gold is usually too soft for jewelry, so...Ch. 2 - Prob. 124ECh. 2 - Prob. 125ECh. 2 - 126. On the previous page is a representation of...Ch. 2 - Prob. 127ECh. 2 - Prob. 128ECh. 2 - Prob. 129ECh. 2 - Prob. 130ECh. 2 - Prob. 131ECh. 2 - 132. Which answer is an example of the law of...Ch. 2 - 133. Lithium has two naturally occurring isotopes:...Ch. 2 - 134. As we saw in the previous problem, lithium...Ch. 2 - Prob. 135ECh. 2 - Prob. 136ECh. 2 - Prob. 137ECh. 2 - Prob. 138QGWCh. 2 - Prob. 139QGWCh. 2 - Prob. 140QGWCh. 2 - Prob. 141QGWCh. 2 - 142. Demand for recycled paper has increased as...

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