When mixtures of gaseous H 2 and gaseous Cl 2 react, aproduct forms that has the same properties regardless ofthe relative amounts of H 2 and Cl 2 used. a. How is this result interpreted in terms of the law ofdefinite proportion? b. When a volume of H 2 reacts with an equal volume of Cl 2 at the same temperature and pressure, what volumeof product having the formula HCl is formed?
Solution Summary: The author explains the law of definite proportion, which states that a chemical compound is formed by taking the accurate similar proportions of elements by mass.
When mixtures of gaseous
H
2
and gaseous
Cl
2
react, aproduct forms that has the same properties regardless ofthe relative amounts of
H
2
and
Cl
2
used.
a. How is this result interpreted in terms of the law ofdefinite proportion? b. When a volume of
H
2
reacts with an equal volume of
Cl
2
at the same temperature and pressure, what volumeof product having the formula HCl is formed?
2.43 g magnesium was completely burnt in oxygen to give magnesium oxide. 2 Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2 MgO(s)
(Relative atomic masses: O = 16.0, Mg = 24.3)
(a) Draw the electronic diagrams of O2 and MgO, showing electrons in the outermost shell only.
(b) (i) How many mole of magnesium was present? (ii) How many mole of oxygen was required to completely react with the amount of magnesium in (i)?
(iii) Hence, calculate the amount of oxygen required to completely react with the magnesium.
(c) Similarly, calculate the amount of MgO formed.
( a ) Eva l u a te t h e expre s s i o n s 2 * 1, 2 * 11 + 32,2 * 11 + 3 + 52, and 2 * 11 + 3 + 5 + 72. (b) How do the atomic numbers of the noble gases relate to the numbersfrom part (a)? (c) What topic discussed in Chapter 6 is thesource of the number “2” in the expressions in part (a)?
The hydroxides formed by three elements of period 3 are given in the following table.
Period
Group 1A
Group 2A
Group 3A
Period 3
NaOHNaOH
Mg(OH)2Mg(OH)2
Al(OH)3Al(OH)3
Period 4
?
?
?
Write the chemical formulas for the hydroxides formed by the corresponding elements in period 4 for groups 1A, 2A, and 3A.
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