Electric machinery fundamentals
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780073529547
Author: Chapman, Stephen J.
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 2.20P
A 50-kVA, 20,000/480-V, 60-Hz, single-phase distribution transformer is tested with the following results:
- Find the per-unit equivalent circuit for this transformer at 60 Hz.
- What is the efficiency of the transformer at rated conditions and unity power factor? What is the voltage regulation at those conditions?
- What would the rating of this transformer be if it were operated on a 50-Hz power system?
- Sketch the equivalent circuit of this transformer referred to the primary side if it is operating at 50 Hz.
- What is the efficiency of the transformer at rated conditions on a 50-Hz power system, with unity power factor? What is the voltage regulation at those conditions?
- How does the efficiency of a transformer at rated conditions and 60 Hz compare to the same physical device running at 50 Hz?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
We have a transformer designed to operate at 60 Hz. The voltage ratings are 4800 V rms and 240 V rms for the primary and secondary windings, respectively. The transformer is rated for 10 kVA. Now, we want to use this transformer at 120 Hz. Discuss the factors that must be considered in setting ratings appropriate for operation at the new frequency. (Keep in mind that for best utilization of the material in the transformer, we want the peak flux density to be nearly at saturation for both frequencies.)
A 25-kVA, 4000/400-V, 60-Hz transformer has the following parameters:R, = 18 Q, X, = 25 0, R, = 180 mQ, X, = 250 mQ, R,, = 15 kQ, andX,, = 25 kQ. If the open-circuit and short-circuit tests are performed onthis transformer, what are the readings of the instruments in each case?
From the data given in above, determine the rating of the transformerat maximum efficiency. What is the maximum efficiency of thetransformer at unity power factor? What is the efficiency at full load andunity power factor?
The label values of the single-phase transformer whose electrical equivalent circuit is given below are 20 kVA, 15400V / 240V, 50 Hz. This transformer Calculate what is required below.
a. What is the value of the active power measured in the short circuit test?
b. What is the value of the active power measured in the idle test?
c. Voltage regulation was found to be 0.1% at 0.8 back power factor. Accordingly, using any method you want Find out how many kVA the transformer draws from the network (primary apparent power).
Chapter 2 Solutions
Electric machinery fundamentals
Ch. 2 - Is the turns ratio of a transformer the same as...Ch. 2 - Why does the magnetization current impose an upper...Ch. 2 - What components compose the excitation current of...Ch. 2 - What is the leakage flux in a transformer? Why is...Ch. 2 - List and describe the types of losses that occur...Ch. 2 - Why does the power factor of a load affect the...Ch. 2 - Why does the short-circuit test essentially show...Ch. 2 - Why does the open-circuit test essentially show...Ch. 2 - How does the per-unit system of measurement...Ch. 2 - Why can autotransformers handle more power than...
Ch. 2 - What are transformer taps? Why are they used?Ch. 2 - What are the problems associated with the Y—Y...Ch. 2 - What is a TCUL transformer?Ch. 2 - How can three-phase transformation be accomplished...Ch. 2 - Prob. 2.15QCh. 2 - Can a 60-Hz transformer be operated on a 50-Hz...Ch. 2 - What happens to a transformer when it is first...Ch. 2 - What is a potential transform? How is it used?Ch. 2 - What is a current transformer? How is it used?Ch. 2 - A distribution transformer is rated at 18 kVA,...Ch. 2 - Why does one hear a hum when standing near a large...Ch. 2 - A 100-kVA, 8000/277-V distribution transformer has...Ch. 2 - A single-phase power system is shown in Figure...Ch. 2 - Consider a simple power system consisting of an...Ch. 2 - The secondary winding of a real transformer has a...Ch. 2 - When travelers from the USA and Canada visit...Ch. 2 - A 1000-VA, 230/115-V transformer has been tested...Ch. 2 - A 30-kVA, 8000/230-V distribution transformer has...Ch. 2 - A 150-MVA, 15/200-kV, single-phase power...Ch. 2 - A 5000-kVA, 230/13.8-kV, single-phase power...Ch. 2 - A three-phase transformer bank is to handle 500...Ch. 2 - A 100-MVA, 230/115-kV, Y three-phase power...Ch. 2 - Three 20-kVA, 24,000/277-V distribution...Ch. 2 - A 14,000/480-V, three-phase, Y-connected...Ch. 2 - A 13.8-kV, single-phase generator supplies power...Ch. 2 - An autotransformer is used to connect a 12.6-kV...Ch. 2 - Prove the following statement: If a transformer...Ch. 2 - A 10-kVA, 480/120-V conventional transformer is to...Ch. 2 - A 10-kVA, 480/120-V conventional transformer is to...Ch. 2 - Two phases of a 14.4-kV, three-phase distribution...Ch. 2 - A 50-kVA, 20,000/480-V, 60-Hz, single-phase...Ch. 2 - Prove that the three-phase system of voltages on...Ch. 2 - Prove that the three-phase system of voltages on...Ch. 2 - A single-phase, 10-kVA, 480/120-V transformer is...Ch. 2 - Figure P2-4 shows a one-line diagram of a power...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, electrical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A three-phase transformer is rated 1000MVA,220Y/22kV. The Y-equivalent short-circuit impedance, considered equal to the leakage reactance, measured on the low-voltage side is 0.1. Compute the per-unit reactance of the transformer. In a system in which the base on the high-voltage side of the transformer is 100MVA,230kV what value of the per-unit reactance should be used to represent this transformer?arrow_forwardConsider an ideal transformer with N1=3000andN2=1000 turns. Let winding 1 be connected to a source whose voltage is e1(t)=100(1| t |)volts for 1t1ande1(t)=0 for | t |1 second. A2- farad capacitor is connected across winding 2. Sketch e1(t),e2(t),i1(t),andi2(t) versus time t.arrow_forwardA single-phase two-winding transformer rated 90MVA,80/120kV is to be connected as an autotransformer rated 80/200kV. Assume that the transformer is ideal. (a) Draw a schematic diagram of the ideal transformer connected as an autotransformer. showing the voltages, currents, and dot notation for polarity. (b) Determine the permissible kVA rating of the autotransformer if the winding currents and voltages are not to exceed the rated values as a two-winding transformer. How much of the kA rating is transferred by magnetic induction?arrow_forward
- An ideal transformer with N1=1000andN2=250 is connected with an impedance Z22 across winding 2. If V1=10000VandI1=530 A, determine V2,I2,Z2, and the impedance Z2, which is the value of Z2 referred to the primary side of the transformer.arrow_forwardFor the transformer in Problem 3.10. The open-circuit test with 11.5 kV applied results in a power input of 65 kW and a current of 30 A. Compute the values for GcandBm in siemens referred to the high-voltage winding. Compute the efficiency of the transformer for a load of 10 MW at 0.8 p.f. lagging at rated voltage.arrow_forwardA single-phase 50-kVA,2400/240-volt,60-Hz distribution transformer is used as a step-down transformer at the load end of a 2400-volt feeder whose series impedance is (1.0+j2.0) ohm. The equivalent series impedance of the transformer is (1.0+j2.5) ohms referred to the high-voltage (primary) side. The transformer is delivering rated load at a 0.8 power factor lagging and at a rated secondary voltage. Neglecting the transformer exciting current, determine (a) the voltage at the transformer primary terminals, (b) the voltage at the sending end of the feeder, and (c) the real and reactive power delivered to the sending end of the feeder.arrow_forward
- For an ideal 2-winding transformer, the ampere-turns of the primary winding, N1I1 is equal to the ampere-turns of the secondary winding, N2I2 (a) True (b) Falsearrow_forwardFor a short-circuit test on a 2-winding transformer, with one winding shorted, can you apply the rated voltage on the other winding? (a) Yes (b) Noarrow_forwardConsider Figure 3.4. For an ideal phase-shifting transformer, the imda nce is unchanged when it is referred from one side to the other. (a) True (b) Falsearrow_forward
- The ideal transformer windings are eliminated from the per-unit equivalent circuit of a transformer. (a) True (b) Falsearrow_forwardWhy is it important to reduce the moisture within a transformer to acceptable levels during transformer installation?arrow_forwardAn ideal transformer has no real or reactive power loss. (a) True (b) Falsearrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Power System Analysis and Design (MindTap Course ...Electrical EngineeringISBN:9781305632134Author:J. Duncan Glover, Thomas Overbye, Mulukutla S. SarmaPublisher:Cengage LearningElectricity for Refrigeration, Heating, and Air C...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781337399128Author:Russell E. SmithPublisher:Cengage Learning
Power System Analysis and Design (MindTap Course ...
Electrical Engineering
ISBN:9781305632134
Author:J. Duncan Glover, Thomas Overbye, Mulukutla S. Sarma
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Electricity for Refrigeration, Heating, and Air C...
Mechanical Engineering
ISBN:9781337399128
Author:Russell E. Smith
Publisher:Cengage Learning
TRANSFORMERS - What They Are, How They Work, How Electricians Size Them; Author: Electrician U;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXPy4OE7ApE;License: Standard Youtube License