Concept explainers
Cost Analysis, Income Statement
Five to six times a year, Kicker puts on tent sales in various cities throughout Oklahoma and the surrounding states. The tent sales are designed to show Kicker customers new products, engender enthusiasm about those products, and sell soon to be out-of-date products at greatly reduced prices. Each tent sale lasts 1 day and requires parking lot space to set up the Kicker semitrailer, a couple of show cars, a disc jockey playing music, and a tent to sell Kicker merchandise, distribute brochures, and so on.
Last year, the Austin tent sale was held in a far corner of the parking lot outside the city exhibition hall where the automotive show was in progress. Because most customers were interested more in the new model cars than in the refurbishment of their current cars, foot traffic was low. In addition, customers did not want to carry speakers and amplifiers all the way back to where they had originally parked. Total direct costs for this tent sale were $14,300. Direct costs included gasoline and fuel for three pickup trucks and the semitrailer; wages and per diem for the five Kicker personnel who traveled to the show, rent on the parking lot space, and
Required:
- 1. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION How do you suppose Kicker accounts for the costs of the tent sales? What income statement items are affected by the tent sales?
- 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What was the
profit (loss ) from the Austin tent sale? What do you think Kicker might do to make it more profitable in the future?
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Managerial Accounting: The Cornerstone of Business Decision-Making
- The Expenditure Approval Process Roberto is the plant superintendent of a small manufacturing company that is owned by a large corporation. The corporation has a policy that any expenditure over $1,000 must be approved by the chief financial officer in the corporate headquarters. The approval process takes a minimum of three weeks. Roberto would like to order a new labeling machine that is expected to reduce costs and pay for itself in six months. The machine costs $2,200, but Roberto can buy the sales reps demo for $1,800. Roberto has asked the sales rep to send two separate bills for $900 each. What would you do if you were the sales rep? Do you agree or disagree with Robertos actions? What do you think about the corporate policy?arrow_forwardCost Identification and Analysis, Cost Assignment, Income Statement Melissa Vassar has decided to open a printing shop. She has secured two contracts. One is a 5-year contract to print a popular regional magazine. This contract calls for 5,000 copies each month. The second contract is a 3-year agreement to print tourist brochures for the state. The state tourist office requires 10,000 brochures per month. Melissa has rented a building for 1,400 per month. Her printing equipment was purchased for 40,000 and has a life expectancy of 20,000 hours with no salvage value. Depreciation is assigned to a period based on the hours of usage. Melissa has scheduled the delivery of the products so that two production runs are needed. In the first run, the equipment is prepared for the magazine printing. In the second run, the equipment is reconfigured for brochure printing. It takes twice as long to configure the equipment for the magazine setup as it does for the brochure setup. The total setup costs per month are 600. Insurance costs for the building and equipment are 140 per month. Power to operate the printing equipment is strongly related to machine usage. The printing equipment causes virtually all the power costs. Power costs will run 350 per month. Printing materials will cost 0.40 per copy for the magazine and 0.08 per copy for the brochure. Melissa will hire workers to run the presses as needed (part-time workers are easy to hire). She must pay 10 per hour. Each worker can produce 20 copies of the magazine per printing hour or 100 copies of the brochure. Distribution costs are 500 per month. Melissa will receive a salary of 1,500 per month. She is responsible for personnel, accounting, sales, and productionin effect, she is responsible for administering all aspects of the business. Required: 1. What are the total monthly manufacturing costs? 2. What are the total monthly prime costs? What are the total monthly prime costs for the regional magazine? For the brochure? 3. What are the total monthly conversion costs? Suppose Melissa wants to determine monthly conversion costs for each product. Assign monthly conversion costs to each product using direct tracing and driver tracing whenever possible. For those costs that cannot be assigned using a tracing approach, you may assign them using direct labor hours. 4. Melissa receives 1.80 per copy of the magazine and 0.45 per brochure. Prepare an income statement for the first month of operations.arrow_forwardBasu Company produces two types of sleds for playing in the snow: basic sled and aerosled. The projected income for the coming year, segmented by product line, follows: The selling prices are 30 for the basic sled and 60 for the aerosled. (Round break-even packages and break-even units to the nearest whole unit.) Required: 1. Compute the number of units of each product that must be sold for Basu to break even. 2. Assume that the marketing manager changes the sales mix of the two products so that the ratio is five basic sleds to three aerosleds. Repeat Requirement 1. 3. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Refer to the original data. Suppose that Basu can increase the sales of aerosleds with increased advertising. The extra advertising would cost an additional 195,000, and some of the potential purchasers of basic sleds would switch to aerosleds. In total, sales of aerosleds would increase by 12,000 units, and sales of basic sleds would decrease by 5,000 units. Would Basu be better off with this strategy?arrow_forward
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- Cost Classification, Income Statement Gateway Construction Company, run by Jack Gateway, employs 25 to 30 people as subcontractors for laying gas, water, and sewage pipelines. Most of Gateways work comes from contracts with city and state agencies in Nebraska. The companys sales volume averages 3 million, and profits vary between 0 and 10% of sales. Sales and profits have been somewhat below average for the past 3 years due to a recession and intense competition. Because of this competition, Jack constantly reviews the prices that other companies bid for jobs. When a bid is lost, he analyzes the reasons for the differences between his bid and that of his competitors and uses this information to increase the competitiveness of future bids. Jack believes that Gateways current accounting system is deficient. Currently, all expenses are simply deducted from revenues to arrive at operating income. No effort is made to distinguish among the costs of laying pipe, obtaining contracts, and administering the company. Yet all bids are based on the costs of laying pipe. With these thoughts in mind, Jack looked more carefully at the income statement for the previous year (see below). First, he noted that jobs were priced on the basis of equipment hours, with an average price of 165 per equipment hour. However, when it came to classifying and assigning costs, he needed some help. One thing that really puzzled him was how to classify his own 114,000 salary. About half of his time was spent in bidding and securing contracts, and the other half was spent in general administrative matters. Required: 1. Classify the costs in the income statement as (1) costs of laying pipe (production costs), (2) costs of securing contracts (selling costs), or (3) costs of general administration. For production costs, identify direct materials, direct labor, and overhead costs. The company never has significant work in process (most jobs are started and completed within a day). 2. Assume that a significant driver is equipment hours. Identify the expenses that would likely be traced to jobs using this driver. Explain why you feel these costs are traceable using equipment hours. What is the cost per equipment hour for these traceable costs?arrow_forwardJean and Tom Perritz own and manage Happy Home Helpers. Inc. (HHH), a house-cleaning service. Each cleaning (cleaning one house one time) takes a team of three house cleaners about 1.5 hours. On average, HHH completes about 15,000 cleanings per year. The following total costs are associated with the total cleanings: Next year, HHH expects to purchase 25,600 of direct materials. Projected beginning and ending inventories for direct materials are as follows: There is no work-in-process inventory and no finished goods inventory; in other words, a cleaning is started and completed on the same day. Required: 1. Prepare a statement of cost of services sold in good form. 2. How does this cost of services sold statement differ from the cost of goods sold statement for a manufacturing firm?arrow_forwardJ. Smythe, Incorporated, manufactures fine furniture. The company is deciding whether to introduce a new mahogany dining room table set. The set will sell for $6,200, including a set of eight chairs. The company feels that sales will be 1,900, 2,050, 2,600, 2,450, and 2,200 sets per year for the next five years, respectively. Variable costs will amount to 40 percent of sales and fixed costs are $1,810,000 per year. The new tables will require inventory amounting to 6 percent of sales, produced and stockpiled in the year prior to sales. It is believed that the addition of the new table will cause a loss of 200 tables per year of the oak tables the company produces. These tables sell for $3,500 and have variable costs of 35 percent of sales. The inventory for this oak table is also 6 percent of sales. The sales of the oak table will continue indefinitely. J. Smythe currently has excess production capacity. If the company buys the necessary equipment today, it will cost $19,000,000.…arrow_forward
- At Little Green Apple Produce the owner is considering buying a new large walk in cooler for fruits and vegetables. The new cooler cost $150,000. The annual maintenance cost will be $7,000 starting in year two (the first year will be covered under warrantee). An additional employee will be needed to stock the cooler. The employee will make $16/hr, and start part-time at 20 hours per week. Sale of produce will increase by $100,000 in year one and an additional 10% in year two and 15% in year three. The cost of produce will increase $30,000 in year one and is variable with sales. The part-time employees hours will vary based on additional sales in years two and three. The employee will receive raises of 4% annually and electricity will increase 3% a year. There is no inflation on any other item. Based on this information prepare a pro forma and calculate the project NPV using a 9% discount rate/hurdle rate and calculate the IRR. State if the project should be expected or rejected.…arrow_forwardResource Usage Model, Special Order Ehrling, Inc., manufactures metal racks for hanging clothing in retail stores. Ehrling was approached by the CEO of Carly’s Corner, a regional nonprofit food bank, with an offer to buy 350 heavy-duty metal racks for storing canned goods and dry food products. While racks normally sell for $245 each, Carly’s Corner offered $75 per rack. The CEO explained that the number of families they served had grown significantly over the past two years, and that the charity needed additional storage for the donated food items. Since Ehrling is operating at 80 percent of capacity, and Ehrling employees have “adopted” Carly’s Corner as their annual charity, the company wants to make the special order work. Ehrling’s controller looked into the cost of the storage racks using the following information from the activity-based accounting system:  Activity Rate**  Activity Driver UnusedCapacity QuantityDemanded* Fixed Variable Direct materials Number of racks 0…arrow_forwardBramble & Carla Vista Fabricators produces commemorative bricks that organizations use for fundraising projects. Joseph Bramble, the company's vice president of marketing, has prepared the following sales forecast for the first six months of the coming year. The company plans to sell the bricks for $24 each. January  February  March  April  May  June 25,000  28,000  32,000  34,000  26,000  35,000 Bramble & Hill Fabricators' marketing department has identified the following monthly expenses that will be needed to support the company's sales and administrative functions. Depreciation  $14,000 Sales staff salaries  $26,000 Advertising  $2,400 Executive salaries  $35,000 Miscellaneous  $1,900 In addition to these monthly expenses, the company will pay a commission to its salespeople equal to 8% of the sales revenue from each brick sold. The company expects bad debt expense to be 2% of sales…arrow_forward
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