Instead of one positive charge outside a
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
- According to special relativity, a particle of rest mass m0 accelerated in one dimension by a force F obeys the equation of motion dp/dt = F. Here p = m0v/(1 –v2/c2)1/2 is the relativistic momentum, which reduces to m0v for v2/c2 << 1. (a) For the case of constant F and initial conditions x(0) = 0 = v(0), find x(t) and v(t). (b) Sketch your result for v(t). (c) Suppose that F/m0 = 10 m/s2 ( ≈ g on Earth). How much time is required for the particle to reach half the speed of light and of 99% the speed of light?arrow_forwardGive a physical argument showing that it is impossible to accelerate an object of mass m to the speed of light, even with a continuous force acting on it.arrow_forwardIf a spaceship is approaching the Earth at 0.100c and a message capsule is sent toward it at 0.100c relative to Earth, what is the speed of the capsule relative to the ship?arrow_forward
- What is the momentum of an electron travelling at 0.98c?arrow_forwardAn observer in reference frame S sees two events as simultaneous. Event A occurs at the point (50.0 m, 0, 0) at the instant 9:00:00 Universal time, 15 January 2001. Event B occurs at the point (150 m, 0, 0) at the same moment. A second observer, moving past with a velocity of , also observes the two events. In her reference frame S′, which event occurred first and what time elapsed between the events?arrow_forwardJoe and Moe are twins. In the laboratory frame at location S1 (2.00 km, 0.200 km, 0.150 km). Joe shoots a picture for aduration of t= 12.0 s. For the same duration as measured inthe laboratory frame, at location S2 (1.00 km, 0.200 km,0.300 km), Moe also shoots a picture. Both Joe and Moe begintaking their pictures at t = 0 in the laboratory frame. Determine the duration of each event as measured by an observer ina frame moving at a speed of 2.00 108 m/s along the x axisin the positive x direction. Assume that at t = t = 0, the origins of the two frames coincide.arrow_forward
- In a frame at rest with respect to the billiard table, a billiard ball of mass m moving with speed v strikes another billiard ball of mass m at rest. The first ball comes to rest after the collision while the second ball takes off with speed v in the original direction of the motion of the first ball. This shows that momentum is conserved in this frame. (a) Now, describe the same collision from the perspective of a frame that is moving with speed v in the direction of the motion of the first ball. (b) Is the momentum conserved in this frame?arrow_forwardA spacecraft starts from being at rest at the origin and accelerates at a constant rate g, as seen from Earth, taken to be an inertial frame, until it reaches a of c/2. (a) Show that the increment of time is related to the elapsed time in Earth's frame by: d=1v2/c2dt. (b) Find an expression for the elapsed time to reach speed c/2 as seen in Earth's frame. (c) Use the relationship in (a) to obtain a similar expression for the elapsed proper time to reach c/2 as seen in the spacecraft, and determine the ratio of the time seen from Earth with that on the spacecraft to reach the final speed.arrow_forwardA neutron lives 900 s when at rest relative to a observer. How fast is the neutron moving relative to a observer who measures its life span to be 2065 s?arrow_forward
- Calculate the interval ∆s^2 between two events with coordinates (x1 = 50 m, y1 = 0, z1 = 0, t1 = 1 µs) and (x2 = 120 m, y2 = 0, z2 = 0, t2 = 1.2 µs) in an inertial frame S. i got ∆s^2 = as 1300m^2 but i am stuck on the next part b) Now transform the coordinates of the events into the S' frame, which is travelling at 0.6c along the x-axis in a positive direction with respect to the frame S. Hence verify that the spacetime interval is invariant.arrow_forwardAn elementary particle of a mass m, moving to the right with v=0.800 c after leaving an accelerator, collides with and sticks to an identical particle initially at rest. What is the speed of the combined particles? CHOICES: a. 0.300 c b. 0.400 c c. 0.500 c d. 0.600 carrow_forwardOne of the sides of the frame shown in the figure can move. The frame is in uniform magnetic field of B which is perpendicular to the plane of the frame. At the time of t = 0 the magnetic field begins to decrease as B(t) = B0/1+kt (k is a constant). At what speed should the side of the frame be moved in order not to induce electric current in it?arrow_forward
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