Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553278
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 20, Problem 24P
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To show: The most probable speed of a gas molecule is given by Vmp=2kTm

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A gas is cooled and trapped in a two-dimensional region by laser beams and magnets. The speed distribution function of the gas molecules obeys the two-dimensional Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution law, f(v)=2π(m2πkB T)ve−mv22kB T where m is the mass of a gas molecule, T is the temperature, and v is the speed. What is the average speed of the gas molecule?
Only answer letters (d) and (e) a) Using the Maxwell-Boltzmann function, calculate the fraction of argon gas molecules with a speed of 305 m/s at 500 K. (ans: 0.0014) b) If the system in (a) has 0.46 moles of argon gas, how many molecules have the speed of 305 m/s? (ans: 6.44 x 10-4) c) Calculate the values of vmp, vavg, and vrms for xenon gas at 298 K. (ans: Vmp=194.2 m/s , Vavg=219.2 m/s , Vrms=237.8 m/s) d) From the values calculated in (c), label the Boltzmann distribution plot with the approximate locations of vmp, v avg, and vrms e) What will have a larger speed distribution, helium at 500 K or argon at 300 K? Helium at 300 K or argon at 500 K? Argon at 400 K or argon at 1000 K?
At what temperature would the rms speed of helium atoms equal a. the escape speed from Earth, 1.12 m/s  b. the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 m/s? Note: The mass of a helium atom is 6.64 x 10-27 kg and the Boltzmann’s constant is

Chapter 20 Solutions

Physics for Scientists and Engineers

Ch. 20 - In a period of 1.00 s, 5.00 1023 nitrogen...Ch. 20 - A 7.00-L vessel contains 3.50 moles of gas at a...Ch. 20 - Calculate the change in internal energy of 3.00...Ch. 20 - Prob. 10PCh. 20 - In a constant-volume process, 209 J of energy is...Ch. 20 - A vertical cylinder with a heavy piston contains...Ch. 20 - A 1.00-L insulated bottle is full of tea at 90.0C....Ch. 20 - A certain molecule has f degrees of freedom. Show...Ch. 20 - You are working for an automobile tire company....Ch. 20 - Why is the following situation impossible? A team...Ch. 20 - You and your younger brother are designing an air...Ch. 20 - During the compression stroke of a certain...Ch. 20 - Air in a thundercloud expands as it rises. If its...Ch. 20 - Why is the following situation impossible? A new...Ch. 20 - Air (a diatomic ideal gas) at 27.0C and...Ch. 20 - Prob. 22PCh. 20 - Prob. 23PCh. 20 - Prob. 24PCh. 20 - Prob. 25PCh. 20 - The law of atmospheres states that the number...Ch. 20 - Prob. 27APCh. 20 - Prob. 28APCh. 20 - The dimensions of a classroom are 4.20 m 3.00 m ...Ch. 20 - Prob. 30APCh. 20 - The Earths atmosphere consists primarily of oxygen...Ch. 20 - Review. As a sound wave passes through a gas, the...Ch. 20 - Prob. 33APCh. 20 - In a cylinder, a sample of an ideal gas with...Ch. 20 - As a 1.00-mol sample of a monatomic ideal gas...Ch. 20 - A sample consists of an amount n in moles of a...Ch. 20 - The latent heat of vaporization for water at room...Ch. 20 - A vessel contains 1.00 104 oxygen molecules at...Ch. 20 - Prob. 39APCh. 20 - Prob. 40APCh. 20 - Prob. 41APCh. 20 - On the PV diagram for an ideal gas, one isothermal...Ch. 20 - Prob. 43APCh. 20 - Prob. 44APCh. 20 - Prob. 45CP
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