BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967359
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 20, Problem 4CT
Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict (correctly) that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?
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For most plants, two distinct photosystems (Photosystem I and Photosystem II) work together in series during photosynthesis. These photosystems are complexes of proteins and pigment molecules.
Statement 1: Photosystem I has an absorption maximum of 680 nm, whereas Photosystem II has an absorption maximum of 700 nm.
Statement 2: The special pair of chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction center of photosystem I is designated as P700, whereas the special pair of chlorophyll a molecules in the reaction center of photosystem II is designated as P680.
Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false.
Statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true.
Both statements are true.
Both statements are false.
What are the two places where light energy is required in the light reaction of photosynthesis? Why must energy be supplied at precisely these points?
What is the chemical species that is transferred through the light reactions? (Box A)
What energy-rich compound is produced by the actions of the cytochrome complex? (Box B)
What is the compound (Box C) used to donate electrons to the photosystems, and which gives rise to 2H+ and O2. What energy is used to energise the light reactions? (Box D)
What is the product of the reaction that is occurring at NADP+ reductase? (Box E)
Provide names for structures i and ii
Chapter 20 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
Ch. 20 - All protists _______. a. lack mitochondria c. live...Ch. 20 - Deposits of shells from ancient ________ have been...Ch. 20 - The presence of a contractile vacuole indicates...Ch. 20 - Prob. 4SACh. 20 - Prob. 5SACh. 20 - Prob. 6SACh. 20 - Prob. 7SACh. 20 - Some _______ are bioluminescent and other live...Ch. 20 - Prob. 9SACh. 20 - A high concentration of oil helps _______ stay...
Ch. 20 - Prob. 11SACh. 20 - Prob. 12SACh. 20 - Prob. 13SACh. 20 - Prob. 14SACh. 20 - Prob. 15SACh. 20 - Imagine you are in a developing country where...Ch. 20 - Which groups of protists are scientists most...Ch. 20 - Water in abandoned swimming pools often turns...Ch. 20 - Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the...Ch. 20 - The protist that causes malaria evolved from a...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What is the overall purpose of the light reactions in photosynthesis?arrow_forwardWhat is the significance that the combined absorption spectra of chlorophylls a and b roughly match the action spectrum of photosynthesis? Would photosynthesis be more efficient if their individual absorption spectra coincided exactly?arrow_forwardIn 2010, a bew form of chlorophyll (chlorophyll f) was discovered in cyanobacteria assemblages of stromatolites growing in Shark Bay, Australia. Chlorophyll f has been isolated. and scientists are investigating the structure and function of this pigment. Based on your understanding of photosynthesis, how would you determine the wavelengths of light the pigment absorbs? How would you determine if this pigment plays a role in photosynthesis? (Hint: Think about the overall equation for photosynthesis.)arrow_forward
- In the light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis, what specifically happens in the electron transport chain between Photosystem II and Photosystem I? The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem II is transferred to pheophytin and plastoquinones, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to plastocyanin. Plastocyanin then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem I. The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem I is transferred to pheophytin and plastoquinones, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to plastocyanin. Plastocyanin then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem II. The excited electron accepted by the primary acceptor in Photosystem I is transferred to plastocyanin, then to cytochrome complex, and finally to pheophytin and plastoquinones. Plastoquinone then transfers the electron to the P700 in the reaction center complex of Photosystem II.…arrow_forwardThere are two photosystems ( I and II) involved in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. What is the functional difference between these two photosystems?arrow_forwardWhat is the significance that the combined absorption spectra of chlorophylls a and b roughly match the action spectrum of photosynthesis? Wouldphotosynthesis be more efficient if their individual absorption spectra coincided exactly?arrow_forward
- In photosynthesis, contrast the light reactions with the light independent reactions, in terms of goals, inputs, and outputs of each. Spatially where do they take place (which parts of the chloroplast)? (Optional, for further discussion: Could there be light reactions without light-independent reactions, or visa-versa?)arrow_forward• Describe the differences in color between the leaf which was fully exposed to sunlight and the one which was covered with black paper. • Where do the protons used in the light reactions come from? • What is the significance of light reaction? • What are the products of light reactions that are used in the Calvin cycle? • What are the roles of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis?arrow_forwardWhat is so special about thylakoid membranes (and chloroplasts in general) that allow it to be the site for photosynthetic activity in plants?arrow_forward
- In terms of the spatial organization of photosynthesis within the chloroplast, what is the advantage of the light reactions producing NADPH and ATP on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane?arrow_forwardWhy do we describe the path of electrons in photosynthesis as starting in photosystem II and ending in photosystem I? In other words, why is the nomenclature “backward”arrow_forwardA culture of the single celled organism Chlamydomonas is actively carrying out photosynthesis in the presence of light and CO2. If you turned off the light, how would you expect the amounts of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate to change over the next minute? How about if you left the light on and removed the CO2?arrow_forward
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