Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 151CP

 (a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structures of the final products formed in the following reactions are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Organic compounds are synthesized through organic reactions. The different types of reactions in organic chemistry are elimination reaction, substitution reaction, addition reactions and many more. Addition reactions are takes place when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. Elimination reactions occur when a reactant broke down into two or more products and the substitution reactions takes place by an exchange in the reactants.

To determine: The structure of C5H12 .

 (a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The structure of C5H12 is shown in Figure 1.

The structure of C5H12 is,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  1

Figure 1

The given reactant is C5H12 . As the monochlorination of the given reactant give two pairs of enantiomers. Therefore, the given reactant is 2-methyl-butane which consist of a parent chain of four carbon atoms having methyl group on second carbon whose structure is shown in Figure 1.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structures of the final products formed in the following reactions are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Organic compounds are synthesized through organic reactions. The different types of reactions in organic chemistry are elimination reaction, substitution reaction, addition reactions and many more. Addition reactions are takes place when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. Elimination reactions occur when a reactant broke down into two or more products and the substitution reactions takes place by an exchange in the reactants.

To determine: The structure of C4H8 .

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The structure of C4H8 is shown in Figure 2.

The structure of C4H8 is,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  2

Figure 2

The given reactant reacts with water to form tertiary alcohol as the major product. As tertiary alcohols are formed by the dehydration of alkenes in which water add across the double bond. Therefore, the reactant should contain double bond. Hence, the reactant with C4H8 is 2-methyl-1-propene whose structure is shown in Figure 2.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structures of the final products formed in the following reactions are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Organic compounds are synthesized through organic reactions. The different types of reactions in organic chemistry are elimination reaction, substitution reaction, addition reactions and many more. Addition reactions are takes place when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. Elimination reactions occur when a reactant broke down into two or more products and the substitution reactions takes place by an exchange in the reactants.

To determine: The two possible structures of C7H12 .

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The two possible structures of C7H12 are shown in Figure 3.

The two possible structures of C7H12 are,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  3

Figure 3

The given chemical formula is C7H12 and the major product formed in the reaction between C7H12 and hydrochloric acid is 1-chloro-1-methylcyclohexane . As the product contains cyclohexane it shows the presence of cyclohexane in the reactant molecule. The reaction between C7H12 and hydrochloric acid is an electrophilic addition reaction which indicate the reactant should possess double bond. Hence, the possible structures of C7H12 for this reaction are shown in Figure 3.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structures of the final products formed in the following reactions are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Organic compounds are synthesized through organic reactions. The different types of reactions in organic chemistry are elimination reaction, substitution reaction, addition reactions and many more. Addition reactions are takes place when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. Elimination reactions occur when a reactant broke down into two or more products and the substitution reactions takes place by an exchange in the reactants.

To determine: The structure of hydrocarbon reacted with H2O .

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The structure of hydrocarbon is shown in Figure 4.

The structure of hydrocarbon is,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  4

Figure 4

The given hydrocarbon reacts with water which is further oxidized to give acetone. Therefore, the given hydrocarbon should be alkene which is propene as the major product is 2-propanone . Propene first reacts with water to form isopropyl alcohol which is further oxidized to give acetone as the major product.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The structures of the final products formed in the following reactions are to be stated.

Concept introduction: Organic compounds are synthesized through organic reactions. The different types of reactions in organic chemistry are elimination reaction, substitution reaction, addition reactions and many more. Addition reactions are takes place when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. Elimination reactions occur when a reactant broke down into two or more products and the substitution reactions takes place by an exchange in the reactants.

To determine: The possible structures for C5H12O .

(e)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The first possible structure for C5H12O is shown in Figure 5.

The first possible structure for C5H12O is,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  5

Figure 5

The major product for this reaction is carboxylic acid. Carboxylic acids are formed from the oxidation of alcohols. Therefore, the reactant should contain an alcoholic group. The chemical formula for the given reactant is C5H12O . Hence, the reactant should be pentanol whose structure is shown in Figure 5.

The second possible structure for C5H12O is shown in Figure 6.

The second possible structure for C5H12O is,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  6

Figure 6

The isomer for the given reactant C5H12O is 3-methylbutanol that is oxidized to give carboxylic acid.

The third possible structure for C5H12O is shown in Figure 7.

The third possible structure for C5H12O is,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  7

Figure 7

The isomer for the given reactant C5H12O is 2-methylbutanol that is oxidized to give carboxylic acid.

The fourth possible structure for C5H12O is shown in Figure 8.

The fourth possible structure for C5H12O is,

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach, Chapter 21, Problem 151CP , additional homework tip  8

Figure 8

The isomer for the given reactant C5H12O is 2,2-dimethylpropanol that is oxidized to give carboxylic acid.

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Chapter 21 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

Ch. 21 - Prob. 11RQCh. 21 - Prob. 12RQCh. 21 - Prob. 1QCh. 21 - Prob. 2QCh. 21 - What is wrong with the following names? Give the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4QCh. 21 - Prob. 5QCh. 21 - Prob. 6QCh. 21 - Prob. 7QCh. 21 - Prob. 8QCh. 21 - Prob. 9QCh. 21 - Prob. 10QCh. 21 - Prob. 11QCh. 21 - Prob. 12QCh. 21 - Prob. 13ECh. 21 - Prob. 14ECh. 21 - Draw all the structural isomers for C8H18 that...Ch. 21 - Draw all the structural isomers for C8H18 that...Ch. 21 - Prob. 17ECh. 21 - Prob. 18ECh. 21 - Draw the structural formula for each of the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 20ECh. 21 - Prob. 21ECh. 21 - Prob. 22ECh. 21 - Prob. 23ECh. 21 - Prob. 24ECh. 21 - Name each of the following alkenes. a. CH2 = CH ...Ch. 21 - Name each of the following alkenes or alkynes. a....Ch. 21 - Prob. 27ECh. 21 - Prob. 28ECh. 21 - Prob. 29ECh. 21 - Prob. 30ECh. 21 - Name each of the following. a. b. CH3CH2CH2CCl3 c....Ch. 21 - Prob. 32ECh. 21 - There is only one compound that is named...Ch. 21 - Prob. 34ECh. 21 - Prob. 35ECh. 21 - Prob. 36ECh. 21 - Prob. 37ECh. 21 - Prob. 38ECh. 21 - Prob. 39ECh. 21 - Prob. 40ECh. 21 - Draw all structural and geometrical (cistrans)...Ch. 21 - Prob. 42ECh. 21 - Prob. 43ECh. 21 - Prob. 44ECh. 21 - If one hydrogen in a hydrocarbon is replaced by a...Ch. 21 - There are three isomers of dichlorobenzene, one of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 47ECh. 21 - Prob. 48ECh. 21 - Prob. 49ECh. 21 - Minoxidil (C9H15N5O) is a compound produced by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 51ECh. 21 - Prob. 52ECh. 21 - Name all the alcohols that have the formula...Ch. 21 - Prob. 54ECh. 21 - Prob. 55ECh. 21 - Prob. 56ECh. 21 - Prob. 57ECh. 21 - Prob. 58ECh. 21 - Prob. 59ECh. 21 - Prob. 60ECh. 21 - Prob. 61ECh. 21 - Prob. 62ECh. 21 - Prob. 63ECh. 21 - Prob. 64ECh. 21 - Prob. 65ECh. 21 - Prob. 66ECh. 21 - Prob. 67ECh. 21 - Prob. 68ECh. 21 - Prob. 69ECh. 21 - Complete the following reactions. a. CH3CO2H +...Ch. 21 - Prob. 71ECh. 21 - Prob. 72ECh. 21 - Prob. 73ECh. 21 - Prob. 74ECh. 21 - Prob. 75ECh. 21 - The polyester formed from lactic acid, is used for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 77ECh. 21 - Prob. 78ECh. 21 - Prob. 79ECh. 21 - Prob. 80ECh. 21 - Prob. 81ECh. 21 - Prob. 82ECh. 21 - Prob. 83ECh. 21 - Prob. 84ECh. 21 - Prob. 85ECh. 21 - Prob. 86ECh. 21 - Prob. 87ECh. 21 - Prob. 88ECh. 21 - Prob. 89ECh. 21 - Prob. 90ECh. 21 - Prob. 91ECh. 21 - Prob. 92ECh. 21 - Prob. 93ECh. 21 - Prob. 94ECh. 21 - Prob. 95ECh. 21 - Prob. 96ECh. 21 - Prob. 97ECh. 21 - Prob. 98ECh. 21 - Prob. 99ECh. 21 - Prob. 100ECh. 21 - Prob. 101ECh. 21 - Prob. 102ECh. 21 - Prob. 103ECh. 21 - Prob. 104ECh. 21 - Prob. 105ECh. 21 - Prob. 106ECh. 21 - Which base will hydrogen-bond with uracil within...Ch. 21 - Prob. 108ECh. 21 - The base sequences in mRNA that code for certain...Ch. 21 - Prob. 110ECh. 21 - Prob. 111AECh. 21 - Prob. 112AECh. 21 - Prob. 113AECh. 21 - Prob. 114AECh. 21 - Prob. 115AECh. 21 - Prob. 116AECh. 21 - Prob. 117AECh. 21 - Prob. 118AECh. 21 - Prob. 119AECh. 21 - Prob. 120AECh. 21 - Prob. 121AECh. 21 - Prob. 122AECh. 21 - Prob. 123AECh. 21 - Prob. 124AECh. 21 - Prob. 125AECh. 21 - Prob. 126AECh. 21 - Prob. 127AECh. 21 - Prob. 128AECh. 21 - Prob. 129AECh. 21 - Prob. 130AECh. 21 - Prob. 131AECh. 21 - Prob. 132AECh. 21 - Prob. 133AECh. 21 - Prob. 134AECh. 21 - When heat is added to proteins, the hydrogen...Ch. 21 - Prob. 136AECh. 21 - Prob. 137CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 138CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 139CWPCh. 21 - Name each of the following alkenes and alkynes. a....Ch. 21 - a. Name each of the following alcohols. b. Name...Ch. 21 - Prob. 142CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 143CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 144CWPCh. 21 - Prob. 145CPCh. 21 - Prob. 146CPCh. 21 - Prob. 147CPCh. 21 - Prob. 148CPCh. 21 - Prob. 149CPCh. 21 - Prob. 150CPCh. 21 - Prob. 151CPCh. 21 - Prob. 152CPCh. 21 - Prob. 153CPCh. 21 - Prob. 154CPCh. 21 - Stretch a rubber band while holding it gently to...Ch. 21 - Alcohols are very useful starting materials for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 157CPCh. 21 - Prob. 158CPCh. 21 - Prob. 159IPCh. 21 - Prob. 160IPCh. 21 - Prob. 161MPCh. 21 - Prob. 162MP
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