Chapter 21, Problem 1CYU

Summary Introduction

To review:

The structures that are present from the nose to the larynx.

Introduction:

There are four processes involved in respiration, namely, pulmonary ventilation, external respiration, transport of respiratory gas, and internal respiration. The respiratory system is responsible for supplying oxygen to the body and disposing the carbon dioxide produced. The upper respiratory system consists of structures starting from the nose to the larynx.

Explanation of Solution

The structures that are present in the upper respiratory system are: nose, pharynx, and paranasal sinuses. The nose includes the nasal cavity (nasal vestibule, nares, and nasal conchae) and the external nose. This structure is supported by cartilage and bone and it acts as a filter that warms and moistens the air that enters it.

The paranasal sinuses are air-filled and mucus-lined cavities that surround the nasal cavity. They also warm, filter, and moisten the air entering it. The pharynx acts as a passageway connecting the nasal cavity to the larynx. It includes the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx.

Conclusion

Therefore, the correct order of the structures that are present in the upper respiratory tract, from the nose to the larynx are: the nasal cavity, including the nasal conchae, nares, and nasal vestibule, the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx.