Chapter 21, Problem 21.1QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Chemical reaction and nuclear reaction should be differentiated.

Concept Introduction:

Chemical reaction:

(1) Atoms are rearranged by the breaking and forming of chemical bonds.

(2) Only electron in the atomic or molecular orbitals are involved in the reaction.

(3)Reactions are accompanied by the absorption or release of the relatively small amount of energy.

(4)Rates of reaction are influenced by temperature, pressure, concentration, and catalysts.

 Nuclear reactions:

(1) In nuclear reaction the elements are converted to other elements or isotope.

(2) In nuclear reaction the proton, neutron, electron, and other subatomic particle such as alpha- particle may be involved.

(3) In nuclear reaction the reaction are accompanied by the absorption or liberation of tremendous amount of energy.

(4) In nuclear reaction the rate of reaction normally are not affected by temperature, pressure or catalyst.

To explain:-The basic difference in the nuclear reaction and ordinary chemical reaction.

Answer to Problem 21.1QP

Nuclear reactions are differing from ordinary chemical reaction by the following way.

1. (1) In chemical reaction atoms are rearranged by breaking and making of chemical bonds. But in reaction one elements is converted to other elements.
2. (2) In chemical reaction atoms or molecular orbitals are involved in the reaction but in nuclear reaction proton, neutron, electrons and other subatomic particles such as alpha-particles. This particle may be involved.
3. (3) Chemical reaction is accompanied by the absorption or release of relatively small amount of energy whereas nuclear reactions are accompanied by the absorption of tremendous amount of energy.
4. (4) In case of chemical reaction the rate of reaction are influenced by the temperature, pressure, concentration and catalysis. But the nuclear reactions are normally not affected by temperature, pressure or catalysis.

Explanation of Solution

Nuclear reactions are differing from ordinary chemical reaction by the following way.

It’s briefly explained below:

In chemical reaction atoms are rearranged by breaking and making of chemical bonds. But in ordinary reaction one elements is converted to other elements.

In chemical reaction atoms or molecular orbitals are involved in the reaction but in nuclear reaction proton, neutron, electrons and other subatomic particles such as alpha-particles. This particle may be involved.

Chemical reaction is accompanied by the absorption or release of relatively small amount of energy whereas nuclear reaction are accompanied by the absorption of tremendous amount of energy.

In case of chemical reaction the rate of reaction are influenced by the temperature, pressure, concentration and catalysis. But the nuclear reaction are normally not affected by temperature, pressure or catalysis

Conclusion

The deference is briefly explained by considering the nature of chemical reaction and nuclear reaction.