Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781133958437
Author: Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas
Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 21.60E
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electron-dot type of diagram of a unit cell of GaAs as well as n-type and p-type substitutions for a semiconducting material based on GaAs is to be drawn. The atom which can be substituted for Ga and As for each type of semiconductor is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

Semiconductors are a type of conductors that have conductance in-between good conductors and insulators. There are two types of semiconductor p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor. The p-type semiconductor has a hole to conduct electricity and n-type semiconductor has electrons to conduct electricity.

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Chapter 21 Solutions

Physical Chemistry

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  • The structures of another class of ceramic, high-temperature superconductors are shown in figures a-d. a. Determine the formula of each of these four superconductors. b. One of the structural features that appears to be essential for high-temperature superconductivity is the presence of planar sheets of copper and oxygen atoms. As the number of sheets in each unit cell increases, the temperature for the onset of superconductivity increases. Order the four structures from lowest to the highest superconducting temperature. c. Assign oxidation states to Cu in each structure assuming Tl exists as Tl3+. The oxidation states of Ca, Ba, and O are assumed to be + 2, + 2, and 2, respectively. d. It also appears that copper must display a mixture of oxidation states for a material to exhibit superconductivity. Explain how this occurs in these materi.als as well as in the superconductor in Exercise 87.
    Consider the three types of cubic units cells. (a) Assuming that the spherical atoms or ions in a primitive cubic unit cell just touch along the cubes edges, calculate the percentage of occupied space within the unit cell. (Recall that the volume of a sphere is (4/3)r3, where r is the radius of the sphere.) (b) Compare the percentage of occupied space in the primitive cell (pc) with the bcc and fcc unit cells. Based on this, will a metal in these three forms have the same or different densities? If different, in which is it most dense? In which is it least dense?
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