Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080485
Author: John E. McMurry
Publisher: Cengage Learning
Question
Chapter 21.SE, Problem 67AP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To predict the reactivity order of the following basic hydrolysis of p-substituted methyl benzoates.

Concept introduction:

Y = NO2 > Br > H > CH3 > OCH3

Is explained on the basis of the extent of electron withdrawal at the para position by these groups, which increases the electron deficiency of the carbonyl carbon of the acyl functional group. The greater this electron deficiency, the more readily, the nucleophile attacks this carbonyl carbon; all other factors of leaving group, solvent etc, remaining constant.

Blurred answer
Students have asked these similar questions
A. In the synthesis of 1-bromobutane, what is the inorganic by-product left in the reaction flask following the distillation? Why was the bromoalkane the bottom layer in the separatory funnel? B. Predict the product when 1-methylcyclohexanol reacts with H2SO4 and KBr. Show the mechanism.
Benzene is one of the compounds used as octane enhancers in unleaded gasoline. It is manufactured by thecatalytic conversion of acetylene to benzene: 3C2 H2(g) ⇌ C6 H6(g). Which value of Kc would make this reactionmost useful commercially? Kc ≈ 0.01, Kc ≈ 1, or Kc ≈ 10. Explain your answer
The structure of hydrocodone is provided below: 2a) Give the sterochemistry of hydrocodone while focusing on E/Z, chirality, eclipsed/staggered, equatorial/axial2b) Describe the acidity/basticity of hydrocodone and find the most acidic Hydrogen

Chapter 21 Solutions

Organic Chemistry

Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 11PCh. 21.4 - Prob. 12PCh. 21.4 - Prob. 13PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 14PCh. 21.5 - What product would you expect from reaction of one...Ch. 21.6 - Prob. 16PCh. 21.6 - Prob. 17PCh. 21.6 - Show the products you would obtain by reduction of...Ch. 21.6 - What ester and what Grignard reagent might you...Ch. 21.7 - Prob. 20PCh. 21.7 - How would you use the reaction of an amide with...Ch. 21.8 - Write the mechanism of the reaction shown in...Ch. 21.9 - Prob. 23PCh. 21.9 - Prob. 24PCh. 21.10 - Prob. 25PCh. 21.10 - Prob. 26PCh. 21.SE - Name the following compounds:Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 28VCCh. 21.SE - Prob. 29VCCh. 21.SE - Prob. 30VCCh. 21.SE - Predict the product(s) and provide the mechanism...Ch. 21.SE - Predict the product(s) and provide the mechanism...Ch. 21.SE - Predict the product(s) and provide the mechanism...Ch. 21.SE - Predict the product(s) and provide the complete...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 35MPCh. 21.SE - When 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) is added in...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 37MPCh. 21.SE - Prob. 38MPCh. 21.SE - Prob. 39MPCh. 21.SE - The hydrolysis of a biological thioester to the...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 41MPCh. 21.SE - Prob. 42MPCh. 21.SE - Prob. 43MPCh. 21.SE - In the iodoform reaction, a triiodomethyl ketone...Ch. 21.SE - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 46APCh. 21.SE - Draw and name compounds that meet the following...Ch. 21.SE - Predict the product, if any, of reaction between...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 49APCh. 21.SE - Prob. 50APCh. 21.SE - What product would you expect to obtain from...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 52APCh. 21.SE - Prob. 53APCh. 21.SE - The following reactivity order has been found for...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 55APCh. 21.SE - Outline methods for the preparation of...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 57APCh. 21.SE - When ethyl benzoate is heated in methanol...Ch. 21.SE - tert-Butoxycarbonyl azide, a reagent used in...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 60APCh. 21.SE - Prob. 61APCh. 21.SE - What is the structure of the polymer produced by...Ch. 21.SE - Polyimides with the structure shown are used as...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 64APCh. 21.SE - Propose a structure for a compound, C4H7ClO2, that...Ch. 21.SE - Assign structures to compounds with the following...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 67APCh. 21.SE - When a carboxylic acid is dissolved in...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 69APCh. 21.SE - Prob. 70APCh. 21.SE - Prob. 71APCh. 21.SE - Phenyl 4-aminosalicylate is a drug used in the...Ch. 21.SE - N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is the active...Ch. 21.SE - Tranexamic acid, a drug useful against blood...Ch. 21.SE - One frequently used method for preparing methyl...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 76APCh. 21.SE - Assign structures to compounds with the following...Ch. 21.SE - Propose structures for compounds with the...Ch. 21.SE - Propose a structure for the compound with the...Ch. 21.SE - Draw the structure of the compound that produced...Ch. 21.SE - Prob. 81APCh. 21.SE - Epoxy adhesives are prepared in two steps. SN2...
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
  • Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.Propose structural formulas for compounds (2) and (3).
    Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.Name the types of functional groups in estrone
    Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.How many chiral centers are present in estrone?
  • Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q.Show how your proposals for compounds (2) and (3) can be converted to compound (1). (Note: In the course of developing this synthesis, Tietze discovered that vinylic bromides and iodides are more reactive in Heck reactions than are aryl bromides and iodides.)
    Over the past several decades, chemists have developed a number of synthetic methodologies for the synthesis of steroid hormones. One of these, developed by Lutz Tietze at the Institut für Organische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany, used a double Heck reaction to create ring B of the steroid nucleus. As shown in the following retrosynthetic analysis, a key intermediate in his synthesis is compound (1). Two Heck reaction disconnects of this intermediate give compounds (2) and (3). Compound (2) contains the aromatic ring that becomes ring A of estrone. Compound (3) contains the fused five- and six-membered rings that become rings C and D of estrone. Q. In the course of the double Heck reactions, two new chiral centers are created. Assume in compound (3), the precursor to rings C and D of estrone, that the fusion of rings C and D is trans and that the angular methyl group is above the plane of the ring. Given this stereochemistry, predict the stereochemistry of…
    Treatment of 1-bromo-2-deuterio-2-phenylethane with strong base leads to a mixture of deuterated and nondeuterated phenylethylenes in an approximately 71 ratio. Explain.
    • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
    Recommended textbooks for you
  • Organic Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305080485
    Author:John E. McMurry
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Organic Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305580350
    Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9780618974122
    Author:Andrei Straumanis
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
  • Organic Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305080485
    Author:John E. McMurry
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Organic Chemistry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305580350
    Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Organic Chemistry: A Guided Inquiry
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9780618974122
    Author:Andrei Straumanis
    Publisher:Cengage Learning