Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133949640
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Concept explainers

Question
Chapter 22, Problem 14PS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula of the given ions or compounds has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Coordination compounds: The compounds having coordination covalent bonds which form when metal ions react with polar molecules or anions.

Ligands: The ions or molecules that forms coordination covalent bond with metal ions in a coordination compound. Ligands should have minimum one lone pair of electron, where it donates two electrons to the metal. Metal atom accepts the electron pair from a ligand forming a coordination bond.

Monodentate ligand is ligands which donate only one pair of electrons to form bond with metal. It only makes one bond with metal. Polydentate ligand forms two or more coordination bond with metal ions to form a complex.

Oxidation number: The total number of electrons in an atom after losing or gaining electrons to make a bond with another atom. It indicates the charge of an ion.

The rule to name a coordination complex is,

  1. 1. The cation is named before the anion.
  2. 2. Within a complex ion, the Ligands are arranged in an alphabetical order followed by the metal ion name. The anionic Ligand should ends with a letter –o, the neutral Ligand are called by the molecules (some common name for some exception).
  3. 3. When more Ligands are present, Greek prefixes like di, tri, tetra, penta, and hexa to specify their number.
  4. 4. The oxidation number of the metal is represented in roman numerals immediately following the metal ion name.
  5. 5. If the complex ion is an anion, the metal name should end with –ate.

Spectrochemical series: The list of ligands arranged in an ascending order of (Δ)(the splitting of d-orbitals in presence of various ligands).

I-<Br-<SCN-<Cl-<S2-<F-<OH-<O2-<H2O<NCS-<edta4-<NH3<  en<NO2-<CN-<COweak-fieldincreasing(Δ)strong-fieldligandsligands

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14PS

The formula is [Cr(NH3)2(H2O)2(OH)]NO3

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation state of central metal atom Cr is 2+. Di means there are two ions whereas means tri means three ions or molecule.

The ligands can be written as,

  aquaH2OamineNH3hydroxoOHnitrateNO3

According to spectrochemical series,

The formula is [Cr(NH3)2(H2O)2(OH)]NO3

The oxidation state is,

  Oxidation number ofNH3=0Oxidation number ofH2O=0Oxidation number ofOH=1Oxidation number ofNO3=1

The charge of the complex is,

  [Cr(NH3)2(H2O)2(OH)]NO3=(2+)+(2×0)+(3×0)+(1)+(1)=0

The complex is neutral

Therefore,

The formula of the complex is,

  [Cr(NH3)2(H2O)2(OH)]NO3

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula of the given ions or compounds has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Coordination compounds: The compounds having coordination covalent bonds which form when metal ions react with polar molecules or anions.

Ligands: The ions or molecules that forms coordination covalent bond with metal ions in a coordination compound. Ligands should have minimum one lone pair of electron, where it donates two electrons to the metal. Metal atom accepts the electron pair from a ligand forming a coordination bond.

Monodentate ligand is ligands which donate only one pair of electrons to form bond with metal. It only makes one bond with metal. Polydentate ligand forms two or more coordination bond with metal ions to form a complex.

Oxidation number: The total number of electrons in an atom after losing or gaining electrons to make a bond with another atom. It indicates the charge of an ion.

The rule to name a coordination complex is,

  1. 1. The cation is named before the anion.
  2. 2. Within a complex ion, the Ligands are arranged in an alphabetical order followed by the metal ion name. The anionic Ligand should ends with a letter –o, the neutral Ligand are called by the molecules (some common name for some exception).
  3. 3. When more Ligands are present, Greek prefixes like di, tri, tetra, penta, and hexa to specify their number.
  4. 4. The oxidation number of the metal is represented in roman numerals immediately following the metal ion name.
  5. 5. If the complex ion is an anion, the metal name should end with –ate.

Spectrochemical series: The list of ligands arranged in an ascending order of (Δ)(the splitting of d-orbitals in presence of various ligands).

I-<Br-<SCN-<Cl-<S2-<F-<OH-<O2-<H2O<NCS-<edta4-<NH3<  en<NO2-<CN-<COweak-fieldincreasing(Δ)strong-fieldligandsligands

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14PS

The formula of the given ions is [Fe(NH3)6](NO3)3

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation state of central metal atom Fe is 3+. Hexa means six ions or molecule.

The ligands can be written as,

  nitrateNO3ammineNH3

According to spectrochemical series,

The formula is [Fe(NH3)6](NO3)3

The oxidation state is,

  Oxidation number ofNH3=0Oxidation number ofNO3=1

The charge of the complex is,

  [Fe(NH3)6](NO3)3=(3+)+(6×0)+(3×(1))=0

The complex is neutral

Therefore,

The formula of the complex is,

  [Fe(NH3)6](NO3)3

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula of the given ions or compounds has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Coordination compounds: The compounds having coordination covalent bonds which form when metal ions react with polar molecules or anions.

Ligands: The ions or molecules that forms coordination covalent bond with metal ions in a coordination compound. Ligands should have minimum one lone pair of electron, where it donates two electrons to the metal. Metal atom accepts the electron pair from a ligand forming a coordination bond.

Monodentate ligand is ligands which donate only one pair of electrons to form bond with metal. It only makes one bond with metal. Polydentate ligand forms two or more coordination bond with metal ions to form a complex.

Oxidation number: The total number of electrons in an atom after losing or gaining electrons to make a bond with another atom. It indicates the charge of an ion.

The rule to name a coordination complex is,

  1. 1. The cation is named before the anion.
  2. 2. Within a complex ion, the Ligands are arranged in an alphabetical order followed by the metal ion name. The anionic Ligand should ends with a letter –o, the neutral Ligand are called by the molecules (some common name for some exception).
  3. 3. When more Ligands are present, Greek prefixes like di, tri, tetra, penta, and hexa to specify their number.
  4. 4. The oxidation number of the metal is represented in roman numerals immediately following the metal ion name.
  5. 5. If the complex ion is an anion, the metal name should end with –ate.

Spectrochemical series: The list of ligands arranged in an ascending order of (Δ)(the splitting of d-orbitals in presence of various ligands).

I-<Br-<SCN-<Cl-<S2-<F-<OH-<O2-<H2O<NCS-<edta4-<NH3<  en<NO2-<CN-<COweak-fieldincreasing(Δ)strong-fieldligandsligands

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14PS

The formula of the given ions is [Fe(CO)5]

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation state of central metal atom Fe is 0. Penta means five ions or molecule.

The ligands can be written as,

  carbonylCO

The oxidation state is,

  Oxidation number ofCO=0

The charge of the complex is zero

Therefore,

The formula of the complex is,

  [Fe(CO)5]

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula of the given ions or compounds has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Coordination compounds: The compounds having coordination covalent bonds which form when metal ions react with polar molecules or anions.

Ligands: The ions or molecules that forms coordination covalent bond with metal ions in a coordination compound. Ligands should have minimum one lone pair of electron, where it donates two electrons to the metal. Metal atom accepts the electron pair from a ligand forming a coordination bond.

Monodentate ligand is ligands which donate only one pair of electrons to form bond with metal. It only makes one bond with metal. Polydentate ligand forms two or more coordination bond with metal ions to form a complex.

Oxidation number: The total number of electrons in an atom after losing or gaining electrons to make a bond with another atom. It indicates the charge of an ion.

The rule to name a coordination complex is,

  1. 1. The cation is named before the anion.
  2. 2. Within a complex ion, the Ligands are arranged in an alphabetical order followed by the metal ion name. The anionic Ligand should ends with a letter –o, the neutral Ligand are called by the molecules (some common name for some exception).
  3. 3. When more Ligands are present, Greek prefixes like di, tri, tetra, penta, and hexa to specify their number.
  4. 4. The oxidation number of the metal is represented in roman numerals immediately following the metal ion name.
  5. 5. If the complex ion is an anion, the metal name should end with –ate.

Spectrochemical series: The list of ligands arranged in an ascending order of (Δ)(the splitting of d-orbitals in presence of various ligands).

I-<Br-<SCN-<Cl-<S2-<F-<OH-<O2-<H2O<NCS-<edta4-<NH3<  en<NO2-<CN-<COweak-fieldincreasing(Δ)strong-fieldligandsligands

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14PS

The formula of the given ions is (NH4)2[CuCl4]

Explanation of Solution

The oxidation state of central metal atom Cu is 2+. Tetra means four ions or molecule. The metal name is ended with –ate so the complex ion is an anion

The ligands can be written as,

  ammoniumNH4+chloroClcuprateCu

According to spectrochemical series,

The formula is (NH4)2[Cu(Cl)4]

The oxidation state is,

  Oxidation number ofCl=1Oxidation number ofNH4=1+

The charge of the complex is,

  (NH4)2[Cu(Cl)4]=(2×1)+(2+)+(4×(1))=0

The complex is neutral

Therefore,

The formula of the complex is,

  (NH4)2[CuCl4]

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Chapter 22 Solutions

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

Ch. 22.3 - 2. What is the oxidation number of the metal in...Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 3RCCh. 22.3 - Prob. 4RCCh. 22.4 - What types of isomers are possible for the...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 1RCCh. 22.4 - Prob. 2RCCh. 22.4 - Prob. 3RCCh. 22.4 - Prob. 4RCCh. 22.4 - Prob. 1QCh. 22.5 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 22.5 - Prob. 1RCCh. 22.5 - Prob. 2RCCh. 22.6 - Prob. 1QCh. 22.6 - Prob. 2QCh. 22.6 - Prob. 3QCh. 22.6 - Prob. 4QCh. 22.6 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 22.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 22.6 - How are the d electrons of Pt distributed in a...Ch. 22.6 - What are the electron configurations for Nd and...Ch. 22.6 - Prob. 3CSCh. 22.6 - Prob. 4CSCh. 22.6 - Prob. 5CSCh. 22 - Prob. 1PSCh. 22 - Prob. 2PSCh. 22 - Identify a cation of a first series transition...Ch. 22 - Match up the isoelectronic ions on the following...Ch. 22 - Prob. 5PSCh. 22 - Prob. 6PSCh. 22 - Which of the following ligands is expected to be...Ch. 22 - One of the following nitrogen compounds or ions is...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9PSCh. 22 - Prob. 10PSCh. 22 - Prob. 11PSCh. 22 - Prob. 12PSCh. 22 - Prob. 13PSCh. 22 - Prob. 14PSCh. 22 - Prob. 15PSCh. 22 - Prob. 16PSCh. 22 - Give the name or formula for each ion or compound,...Ch. 22 - Prob. 18PSCh. 22 - Prob. 19PSCh. 22 - Prob. 20PSCh. 22 - Prob. 21PSCh. 22 - Prob. 22PSCh. 22 - Prob. 23PSCh. 22 - Prob. 24PSCh. 22 - Prob. 25PSCh. 22 - Prob. 26PSCh. 22 - Prob. 27PSCh. 22 - Prob. 28PSCh. 22 - Prob. 29PSCh. 22 - Prob. 30PSCh. 22 - In water, the titanium(III) ion, [Ti(H2O)6]3+, has...Ch. 22 - Prob. 32PSCh. 22 - Prob. 33GQCh. 22 - Prob. 34GQCh. 22 - How many unpaired electrons are expected for...Ch. 22 - Prob. 36GQCh. 22 - Which of the following complex ions is (are)...Ch. 22 - Prob. 38GQCh. 22 - How many geometric isomers are possible for the...Ch. 22 - For a tetrahedral complex of a metal in the first...Ch. 22 - Prob. 41GQCh. 22 - Prob. 42GQCh. 22 - Prob. 43GQCh. 22 - A platinum-containing compound, known as Magnuss...Ch. 22 - Prob. 45GQCh. 22 - Prob. 46GQCh. 22 - Prob. 47GQCh. 22 - How many geometric isomers of the complex ion...Ch. 22 - Prob. 49GQCh. 22 - Prob. 50GQCh. 22 - Prob. 51GQCh. 22 - The square-planar complex Pt(en)Cl2 has chloride...Ch. 22 - The complex [Mn(H2O)6]2+ has five unpaired...Ch. 22 - Experiments show that K4[Cr(CN)6] is paramagnetic...Ch. 22 - Give a systematic name or the formula for the...Ch. 22 - When CrCI3 dissolves in water, three different...Ch. 22 - Prob. 57GQCh. 22 - The glycinate ion, H2NCH2CO2, formed by...Ch. 22 - Prob. 59GQCh. 22 - Nickel and palladium both form complexes of the...Ch. 22 - The transition metals form a class of compounds...Ch. 22 - Cerium, as noted in Applying Chemical Principles:...Ch. 22 - Prob. 64GQCh. 22 - Two different coordination compounds containing...Ch. 22 - Prob. 71SCQCh. 22 - Prob. 69SCQCh. 22 - Prob. 70SCQ
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