FUND A&P ALC & PHOTO & M/A&P
FUND A&P ALC & PHOTO & M/A&P
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134822075
Author: Martini
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 1CP

Define pathogen.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Summary Introduction

To define: The term “pathogen.”

Introduction: Pathogens are the disease causing organisms that are able to invade the host immune system to establish a specific disease.

Explanation of Solution

Pathogen can be defined as anything that can cause diseases. The ability of a pathogen to cause a disease is known as pathogenicity and the process by which it occurs is called pathogenesis.

Most of the pathogens are microorganisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other parasites. Each of the pathogens has different life cycle and different strategies to invade host immunity.

Different types of pathogens are:

  • Bacteria: These are the prokaryotic unicellular organisms that possess varying degree of body shapes and size. Bacteria are the most common pathogens of the human. Examples of some diseases caused by the bacteria are; typhoid fever, tetanus, cholera, plague, pneumonia and so on.
  • Virus: These are the obligate intracellular parasite which cannot thrive outside the host organism. Examples of some diseases caused by the viruses are; AIDS, Hepatitis, common cold and so on.
  • Fungi: These are the eukaryotic organisms that are a major threat to human health some fungal diseases of human are: candidiasis, athelete’s foot and so on.

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Chapter 22 Solutions

FUND A&P ALC & PHOTO & M/A&P

Ch. 22 - Explain the difference between cell-mediated...Ch. 22 - Prob. 12CPCh. 22 - Prob. 13CPCh. 22 - Prob. 14CPCh. 22 - How can the presence of an abnormal peptide in the...Ch. 22 - A decrease in the number of cytotoxic T cells...Ch. 22 - How would a lack of helper T cells affect the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 18CPCh. 22 - Prob. 19CPCh. 22 - Prob. 20CPCh. 22 - Which would be more negatively affectedthe primary...Ch. 22 - Which kind of immunity protects a developing...Ch. 22 - How does increased stress reduce the effectiveness...Ch. 22 - Prob. 24CPCh. 22 - Prob. 25CPCh. 22 - What may account for the increased incidence of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 27CPCh. 22 - Prob. 28CPCh. 22 - LEVEL 1 Reviewing Facts and Terms 1. Identify the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2RQCh. 22 - Anatomically, lymphatic vessels resemble (a)...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4RQCh. 22 - Prob. 5RQCh. 22 - Prob. 6RQCh. 22 - Phagocytes move through capillary walls by...Ch. 22 - Prob. 8RQCh. 22 - Prob. 9RQCh. 22 - Prob. 10RQCh. 22 - CD4 markers are associated with (a) cytotoxic T...Ch. 22 - Prob. 12RQCh. 22 - Prob. 13RQCh. 22 - What are the three classes of lymphocytes, and...Ch. 22 - What seven defenses present at birth provide the...Ch. 22 - Compared with innate defenses adaptive defenses...Ch. 22 - Prob. 17RQCh. 22 - A decrease in which population of lymphocytes...Ch. 22 - Skin tests are used to determine if a person (a)...Ch. 22 - Compare and contrast the effects of complement...Ch. 22 - How does a cytotoxic T cell destroy another cell...Ch. 22 - How does the formation of an antigen-antibody...Ch. 22 - Give one example of each type of immunity: innate...Ch. 22 - Prob. 24RQCh. 22 - An investigator at a crime scene discovers some...Ch. 22 - Ted finds out that he has been exposed to measles....Ch. 22 - While walking along the street, you and your...Ch. 22 - Paulas grandfather is diagnosed as having lung...Ch. 22 - Willy is allergic to ragweed pollen and tells you...Ch. 22 - Prob. 1CCCh. 22 - Does baby Ruthie still need her chickenpox vaccine...
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