Chapter 22, Problem 1CYU

Which respiratory structures are lined with respiratory mucosa? List the functions of this mucous membrane.

Summary Introduction

To review:

The respiratory structures lined by the respiratory mucosa, and the function of this membrane.

Introduction:

There are various membranes that covers the different structures of the body. The exterior portion of the body is covered by the skin. Various visceral organs and the internal body cavities are lined by the mucous membrane or mucosa. The mucosa serves different functions at various locations.

Explanation of Solution

The respiratory mucosa has pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells, also called goblet cells because of their appearance. It also has a supporting connective tissue called lamina propria, which hosts mucous and serous cells in the tubuloalveolar glands. The nasopharynx is the upper respiratory tract, and has two types of mucosa namely the olfactory and respiratory mucosa. The pharynx, larynx, trachea and bronchial trees are all lined with respiratory mucosa.

There are various functions performed by the respiratory mucosa some of which are listed below:

1. Mucous filters the inhaled air throughout the structures of the respiratory passageway.

2. The mucous cells produce mucus that has lysozyme which destroys the bacteria entering with air.

3. The mucus produces a continuous sheet that traps pollen, dust, debris, and bacteria.

4. The inhaled air is moistened by the respiratory mucus.