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Introduction: A group of organisms, which are related and share a distinctive form, is known as species. Members of the species living in a particular area at a particular time, which are capable of interbreeding, are known as a population. The population keeps changing to produce new species over time.
Answer to Problem 1TY
Correct answer: A change in one or more than one characteristic of a population, which can be transferred over several generations, is known as evolution. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Explanation of Solution
Reason for the correct answer:
Evolution refers to the changes in one or more characteristics of a given population which can be inherited by the next generation.
Option d. is given as “evolution”
Changes in one or more characteristics of a population, which can be inherited over various generations through time, are known as evolution. Hence, the correct answer is option d.
Reasons for the incorrect answer:
Option a. is given as, “natural selection”.
Individuals having characteristics that are more suitable for a particular environment are able to survive and reproduce successfully. These individuals are naturally selected and thus, evolution is caused. Therefore, natural selection is one of the factors which cause evolution. Hence, option a. is incorrect.
Option b. is given as, “sexual selection”.
A form of natural selection is known as sexual selection. Sexual selection refers to a process through which individuals with particular traits engage in a successful mating event with individuals of the opposite sex over other individuals belonging to the same sex. Sexual selection is a factor affecting natural selection and evolution. Hence, option b. is incorrect.
Option c. is given as, “population genetics”.
The study of genetic differences present in a population by studying genes and genotypes is known as population genetics. The population genetics makes up a part of evolutionary biology. It is a study and is not responsible for causing changes in the characteristics of the given population. Hence, option c. is incorrect.
Option e. is given as, “inheritance of acquired traits”.
According to Lamarck’s theory, organisms change their behavior according to the changes in the environment. Therefore, the inheritance of acquired characteristics is based on Lamarck’s theory which was rejected as research depicted that most of the acquired traits could not be inherited. Hence, option e. is incorrect.
Hence, the options a., b., c., and e. are incorrect.
Thus, evolution refers to the changes in characteristics of the population which are inherited over time.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Biology
- How Can We Measure Allele Frequencies in Populations? Explain the connection between changes in population allele frequencies and evolution, and relate this to the observations made by Wallace and Darwin concerning natural selection.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not true of natural selection? (a) natural selection acts to preserve favorable traits and eliminate unfavorable traits (b) the offspring of individuals that are better adapted to the environment will make up a larger proportion of the next generation (c) natural selection directs the course of evolution by preserving the traits acquired during an individuals lifetime (d) natural selection acts on a populations genetic variability, which arises through mutation (e) natural selection may result in changes in allele frequencies in a populationarrow_forwardPopulation genetics is the study of ________. a. how allele frequencies in a population change over time b. populations of cells in an individual c. the rate of population growth d. how genes affect embryological developmentarrow_forward
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- Which of the evolutionary processes discussed in the material presented can introduce genetic variation into a population? a) natural selection and genetic drift b) mutation and gene flow c) natural selection and nonrandom mating d) mutation and genetic driftarrow_forwardwhich of these is not a central rule of natural selection a, fitness to the general health and strength of an organism b, natural selection can only act on traits that affect reproduction c, natural selection can't occur without population variation d, a trait must be inherited if natural selection is to act on itarrow_forwardPopulation genetics is the study of: a. how selective forces change the allele frequencies in a population over time b. the genetic basis of population-wide traits c. whether traits have a genetic basis d. the degree of inbreeding in a populationarrow_forward
- What is neutral evolution? A. Neutral evolution does not exist. B. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to natural selection (they are advantageous or disadvantageous). C. When certain genes are present or absent in populations regardless of selection (they are not advantageous or disadvantageous). D. When certain genes are present or absent in populations due to sexual selection (they are selected for by the opposite sex).arrow_forwardNatural selection operates on populations over many generations. Which of the following allows natural selection to occur? A. the desire and the advantage of a population to remain constant B. the old age of the individuals which causes them to die C. the abilty for populations to change quickly from one trait to the next D. the unequal ability of individuals to survive and reproducearrow_forwardBiologists sometimes say that “natural selection depends on the specific environment where a species lives.” What does this statement mean? A) A) If populations of a species are in different environments, traits that individuals need to meet their needs in each environment will appear. B) Traits can be helpful or harmful. If populations of a species are in different environments, some traits that are helpful in one environment might be harmful in another environment. C) Traits are always either helpful or harmful, and the environment of a population doesn’t matter. If populations of a species are in different environments, the same traits will always be helpful. D) Species were formed to perfectly match their environment. The traits of individuals in a species depend on the specific environment in which they were created.arrow_forward
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