General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305580343
Author: Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; Darrell
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 22.7, Problem 22.5E
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Distribution of d-electrons in the complex ion [Ni(H2O)6]2+ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

The term Crystal field splitting refers to segregation of d-orbitals in to higher energy orbitals and lower energy orbitals when ligands approaches metal ion to co-ordinate.  Crystal field splitting is said to be larger when the energy gap between higher energy d-orbitals and lower energy d-orbitals is larger.  Crystal field splitting is said to be smaller when the energy gap between higher energy d-orbitals and lower energy d-orbitals is smaller.

Spectrochemical series refers to the arrangement of ligands with respect to crystal field splitting they cause in the d-orbitals of a metal ion.  The ligand that causes larger splitting pattern is referred to as stronger ligand.

The ligands are arranged in increasing order of crystal field splitting they produce.

I<Br<S2<SCN<Cl<NO3<N3<F<OH<C2O42<H2O<NCS<CH3CN<py<NH3<en<bipy<phen<NO2<PPh3<CN<CO

The ligand that causes larger crystal field splitting is strong ligand and the ligand that causes smaller splitting is termed as weak ligand.

Pairing energy refers to the energy required to pair the electrons - that is energy required to make two electrons to be paired in same orbital with opposite spins.

If the pairing energy of a complex is high it means the electrons are difficult to be paired and so the complex will be high spin complex with unpaired electrons.  If the pairing energy of a complex is low it means the electrons are readily paired and so the complex will be low spin complex with paired electrons.

A complex with high splitting energy will have low pairing energy because high splitting energy indicates larger energy gap between lower and higher energy levels that the electrons need lesser energy to be paired and they tend to remain paired in lower energy orbitals.  A complex with low splitting energy will have high pairing energy because low splitting energy indicates smaller energy gap between lower and higher energy levels that the electrons disperse among orbitals more randomly and they need higher energy to be paired.

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Chapter 22 Solutions

General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Course List)

Ch. 22 - What characteristics of the transition elements...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.2QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.3QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.4QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.5QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.6QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.7QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.8QPCh. 22 - Silver(I) ion in basic solution is reduced by...Ch. 22 - What evidence did Werner obtain to show that the...Ch. 22 - Define the terms complex ion, ligand, and...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.12QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.13QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.14QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.15QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.16QPCh. 22 - Explain the difference in behavior of d and l...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.18QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.19QPCh. 22 - a Describe the steps in the formation of a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.21QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.22QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.23QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.24QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.25QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.26QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.27QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.28QPCh. 22 - What is the correct name for the coordination...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.30QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.31QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.32QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.33QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.34QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.35QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.36QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.38QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.39QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.42QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.43QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.44QPCh. 22 - Consider the complex ion [CoCl(en)2(NO2)]+. a What...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.46QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.47QPCh. 22 - Name the following complexes, using IUPAC rules. a...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.49QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.50QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.51QPCh. 22 - Give the structural formula for each of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.53QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.54QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.55QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.56QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.57QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.58QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.59QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.60QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.61QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.62QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.63QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.64QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.65QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.66QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.67QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.68QPCh. 22 - There are only two geometric isomers of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.70QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.71QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.72QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.73QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.74QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.75QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.76QPCh. 22 - Consider the complex ion [CoCO3(NH3)4], where the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.78QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.79QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.80QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.81QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.82QPCh. 22 - What is the name of K2[MoOCl4]?Ch. 22 - Write the formula and draw the structure of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.85QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.86QPCh. 22 - Is it possible to have a paramagnetic...Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.88QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.89QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.90QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.91QPCh. 22 - Prob. 22.92QP
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