Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 23, Problem 12P
Understanding Human Energy Consumption During Exercise Energy production in animals is related to oxygen consumption. The ruby-throated hummingbird consumes about 250 mL of oxygen per hour during its migration across the Gulf of Mexico. Use this number and the data in problem 11 to determine a conversion factor for energy expended per liter of oxygen consumed. If a human being consumes 12.7 kcal/min while running 8-minute miles, how long could a human run on the energy that the hummingbird consumes in its trans-Gulf flight? How many 8-minute miles would a person have to run to lose 1 pound of body fat?
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1PCh. 23 - Determining the Amount of ATP Produced from Fatty...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3PCh. 23 - Examining the Labeling of Glucose from 14C.labeled...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5PCh. 23 - Prob. 6PCh. 23 - Prob. 7PCh. 23 - Prob. 8PCh. 23 - Prob. 9PCh. 23 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 23 - Prob. 11PCh. 23 - Understanding Human Energy Consumption During...Ch. 23 - Prob. 13PCh. 23 - Prob. 14PCh. 23 - Prob. 15PCh. 23 - Extending the Mechanism of Methylmalonyl-CoA...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17PCh. 23 - Prob. 18PCh. 23 - Prob. 19PCh. 23 - Understanding a Ubiquitous Series of Metabolic...Ch. 23 - Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase,...
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- The Nutrition Facts label on most food products shows % daily values based on a food energy requirement of 8,360 kJ (2,000 kcal) at normal resting state. a) Assuming that the efficiency of converting food energy to ATP is 50%, calculate the mass of ATP (in kg) that is harvested daily by the human body from 8,360 kJ of food energy. A total of 30.5 kJ of energy is needed to synthesize one mole of ATP under standard conditions. The molar mass of ATP is 505 g/mol. b) For an average 68-kg (150 lbs.) human adult, calculate the % mass of extracted ATP (from your answer in 2a) relative to body weight.arrow_forwardThe respiratory quotient (RQ) is the ratio of the Liters of CO2 produced to the Liters of O2 consumed by an individual (CO2 exhaled in liters)/(O2 inhaled in liters). It is used as a measure of basal metabolic rate and can indicate which types of molecules are being used by a person to produce energy. For glucose (C6H12O6), this value is 1 as the equation for the complete oxidation of glucose is: C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O For fatty acids that are degraded through beta oxidation and fed into the TCA cycle, the RQ value would be ______ the values for glucose oxidation. Fill in the blank with: a) higher than b) the same as c) lower thanarrow_forwardif an 8.4-oz (250 mL) energy drink can has 27 grams of sugar, calculate the moles of ATP produced in the body when 1 oz of the drink is consumed assuming all the sugars in 1 oz of the drink are composed of only glucose.arrow_forward
- Humans have only about 250 g of ATP, but even a couch potato needs about 83 kg of ATP to open a bag of chips and use the remote. How is this discrepancy between requirements and resources reconciled?arrow_forwardExplain the difference between ΔG°’ and ΔG and calculate the free energy (delta G) of hydrolysis of ATP in a rat liver cell in which the ATP, ADP, and Pi concentrations are 3.4, 1.3, and 4.8 mM.arrow_forwardWhy is it 30 to 32 ATP produced for cellular respiration in Physiology? When I calculate it, I get 32.arrow_forward
- NADH and succinate are substrates that can be oxidized and will consume oxygen. Rotenone and cyanide are inhibitors of the electron transport chain and can block oxidation. Match each description of the effector to the appropriate oxygen consumption. A plot may match more than one description. Some plots will not match any description. (At least one of the matches in the image was incorrect)arrow_forwardDuring constant flight, hummingbirds expend about 2.9 kJ/hr, relying on fat oxidation as an energy source. (a) Calculate the grams of fat necessary to sustain a 20-hr nonstop flight. (b) If the birds relied on carbohydrate for this energy, how much additional weight would they need to have to start the flight?arrow_forwardCan I get this rewritten While the surface area of an organism scales as a square of the length (L^2) and the volume of an organism increases as the cube of the length (V^3), basal metabolic rate is not affected by the ratio of surface area to length of an organism.This can be seen in the data extracted from the ADW Quardvaark database as well which showed that mammals had an R^2 value of 0.7258 when looking at their length and basal metabolic rate and an R^2 value of 0.0074 when looking at the length of mammals and their length-specific basal metabolic rate. Birds had an R^2 value of 0.1678 when looking at their length and basal metabolic rate and an R^2 value of 0.0021 when looking at the length and length-specific basal metabolic rate of birds.arrow_forward
- a. What is the efficiency of the metabolic conversion of palmitic acid to ATP? b. Compute the number of grams of palmitic acid that would have to be metabolized to provide the heat to warm a swimmer from whose skin 61 g of water evaporates.arrow_forwardConsider the impact of Substance One on cellular respiration. Assume it has an influence at the cellular level, no effect on hunger and no other effects than the one described. Would this substance likely cause weight gain or weight loss? Explain why you believe it would have this effect using your knowledge of cell respiration and ATP.Substance One’s Effect: Impedes the binding of NAD+ to electrons.arrow_forwardAn animal cell, roughly cubical in shape with side length of 10 μm, uses 109 ATP molecules every minute. assume that the cell replaces this ATP by the oxidation of glucose according to the overall reaction 6O2 + C6H12O6 →6CO2 + 6H2O and that complete oxidation of each glucose molecule produces 30 ATP molecules. how much oxygen does the cell consume every minute? How long will it take before the cell has used up an amount of oxygen gas equal to its own volume?arrow_forward
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