Chapter 23, Problem 1P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The term ligand is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

The ligand is a term which is used in coordination chemistry. The bonding with the metal usually assumes formal giving of one or more of the ligand's electron pairs often along Lewis Bases.

Answer to Problem 1P

Ligand is an ion or molecule linked to a metal atom by coordinate bonding.

Explanation of Solution

Ligand is amolecule orionlinked to a metal atom by coordinate bonding. It can act as electron pair donors and the central metal atom is act as electron pair acceptor. A ligand is an ion or molecule, which gives a pair of electrons to the ion or central metal atom and there is a formation of coordination complex. The ligand classifies in to three types according to the number of atom bind with central metal atom and that is, monodentate, bidentate and polydentate ligand. If only one atom is directly coordinates with central metal atom is called monodentate ligand. Example: $B{r}^{-},F^{-},C{l}^{-}$ . And if two atomsare directly coordinate with central metal atom is called bidentate ligand. Example: ethylene diamine, oxalate ion. If more than two atoms are directly coordinate with central metal atom and it is known as polydentate ligand. Eg: Ethylenediaminetetraacetate.

Conclusion

Ligand is an ion or molecule attached to a metal atom by coordinate bonding and it can be divided in to three types according to the number of atom bind with central metal atom and that is, monodentate, bidentate and polydentate ligand.