HUMAN BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS - 9780134312729
8th Edition
ISBN: 2819260095972
Author: Johnson
Publisher: PERUSALL
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Chapter 23, Problem 3AWK
Summary Introduction
To review:
The reason for the fact that hawks and owls both feed on small mammals to sustain their respective populations without causing competitive exclusion.
Introduction:
The competitive exclusion is also referred to as Gause's law of competitive exclusion. This states that two existing species competing for the same resource cannot coexist at same ecological niche if other ecological factors remain constant.
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Which of the following can explain why species are able to coexist, even if the competitive exclusion principle is generally true?
a) Species may be competitively equivalent, with the outcome of each competitive encounter being essentially random.
b) Competitive exclusion may take many generations; prior to that point, there will be coexistence.
c) Spatial heterogeneity in the distribution and concentrations of limiting resources can result in variation in the strength of competition across the landscape.
choose all the answers that apply.
When populations of ocean perch and herring are reduced, which other species in this ecosystem are directly affected? Identify at least two species that directly lose their food source.
BLANK between species with BLANK ecological niches means they are les likely to occur sympatrically
A) Competition; similar
B) Predation; similar
C) Competition; dissimilar
D) Predation; dissimilar
E) None of the above
Chapter 23 Solutions
HUMAN BIOLOGY: CONCEPTS - 9780134312729
Ch. 23 - Do you think extending nations' ocean territorial...Ch. 23 - Are there any marine protected areas (MPAs) or...Ch. 23 - What are the components of an ecosystem?Ch. 23 - Prob. 2CRCh. 23 - Describe what happens to a country as it undergoes...Ch. 23 - Define zero population growth and explain why it...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5CRCh. 23 - Prob. 6CRCh. 23 - Prob. 7CRCh. 23 - Explain why the water cycle is essential to all...
Ch. 23 - Discuss the importance of the carbon cycle.Ch. 23 - Discuss the phosphorus cycle and its importance.Ch. 23 -
1. Your college campus, including all the humans...Ch. 23 -
2. Which of the following will affect the biotic...Ch. 23 - A population is growing at a rate of 2% per year....Ch. 23 - The large intestine of humans is populated by a...Ch. 23 -
5. Which of the following characterizes mature...Ch. 23 -
6. _____ flow(s) one-way through ecosystems while...Ch. 23 - All of the following terms can appropriately...Ch. 23 -
8. A human maintaining a vegan diet (containing...Ch. 23 - All of the following processes are involved in the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 10TYCh. 23 - Prob. 11TYCh. 23 -
12. Which biogeochemical cycle does not include...Ch. 23 - Prob. 13TYCh. 23 - Which of the following statements is false? a. The...Ch. 23 - Which statement about the human fertility rate is...Ch. 23 - Given absolutely no environmental resistance, how...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 23 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 23 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 23 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 23 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 23 - Least developed countries tend to be poorer than...
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- Assume that for a given population of moose, the per-capita birth rate remains constant with population size. However, as the moose population size increases there is a linear increase in the probability of starvation and subsequent mortality due to intraspecific competition. a) On a single graph, draw the relationship between moose density and the per capita birth and death rates for this population. b) Assume that the population does not experience competition from other species, nor predation. Write out the equation that would best be used to describe the change in population growth from one time interval to another.arrow_forwardAccording to the competitive exclusion principle, two species cannot exist together if they occupy the same niche. Either they diverge their niches so they can coexist or one species will die out.All of the following are consistent with the principle of competitive exclusion EXCEPT Select one: a. Birds and bats both consume flying insects, but birds are active in the day and bats are active at night. b. Two species that share the same niche will exclude other competing species. c. Different bird species forage for insects in different parts of the same tree. d. When two species of Paramecium are grown in the same medium, one strain will eventually eliminate its competitor.arrow_forwardWhat determines whether two species will live harmoniously together, or whether competition will result in the extinction of one of them and the survival of the other?arrow_forward
- During the drought of 1977 on the island of Daphne Major, which of the following answers correctly explains why birds with larger beaks had a competitive advantage over other individuals? These birds were able to hold more water. These birds were able to fight off birds with smaller beaks more successfully. These birds were able to smell and locate nesting sites with more accuracy. Birds with larger beaks were better able to utilize the large seeds.arrow_forwardWhat term is used to describe how members of different species strategize how, when, and where they will obtain resources to reduce competition? competitive reduction resource partitioning interspecies competition intraspecies competitionarrow_forwardwhy might an overfished stock never recover to its original population level?arrow_forward
- Draw on one graph, with N2 on the y-axis and N1 on the x-axis, the isoclines for the twocompetitors with the carrying capacities and competition coefficients listed below. Will thesespecies coexist? If not, which species will win? Competitor 1 Competitor 2 K1 = 200, α12 = 0.4 K2 = 400, α21 =1arrow_forwardWhich of the following is least likely a result of competition? Increase in carrying capacity for both species Character displacement (populations possess different traits in the presence of similar species) Reduced niche breadth (smaller realized than fundamental niche) Resource partitioningarrow_forwardHow can we determine whether predation is controlling the size of a population? What are the conditions that promote coexistence between predators and prey? please answer botharrow_forward
- Which limiting factor would affect the carrying capacity for all species in the pictured ecosystem? a) Number of trees for giraffes b) Hunting behavior of lions c) Birth rate of the giraffes d) Amount of grasslandarrow_forwardWhich of the following biological interactions can be considered interspecific mutualism? Question 7 options: a) A population of mussels that have their population size regulated via starfish predation b) A relationship between two individuals from different species and from which only one benefits c) A lamprey feeding on the blood of a lake trout d) Two lions cooperating with each other while hunting e) Pollination from a hummingbird feeding on a flowerarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is correct regarding the competitive exclusion concept? a. multiple species can’t share the exact same niche within a community b. the realized niche of a species is different from its fundamental niche. c. competition within a population results in the success of the best-adapted individuals. d. two species cannot coexist within the same habitat.arrow_forward
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