Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 23, Problem 3TYU
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3. Each branching point in a cladogram (a) is called a root (b) represents a clade (c) represents the divergence of two or more groups from a common ancestor (d) represents horizontal gene transfer (e) marks the divergence of two kingdoms
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 23.1 - State two justifications for the use of scientific...Ch. 23.1 - Describe the binomial system of naming organisms...Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 23.1 - What are the key features of the system of...Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 23.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 23.2 - Prob. 5LOCh. 23.2 - What are the major groups of organisms that belong...Ch. 23.2 - In what specific ways does a cladogram give us...
Ch. 23.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 23.3 - Critically review the difficulties encountered in...Ch. 23.3 - Apply the concept of shared derived characters to...Ch. 23.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 23.3 - Contrast monophyletic, paraphyletic, and...Ch. 23.3 - How are shared ancestral characters and shared...Ch. 23.3 - Why dont shared ancestral characters provide...Ch. 23.3 - How is molecular biology contributing to the...Ch. 23.3 - Systematisms prefer to recognize monophyletic taxa...Ch. 23.4 - Contrast the traditional classification with the...Ch. 23.4 - Describe the construction of a cladogram by using...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 12LOCh. 23.4 - In what way do systematists use shared derived...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 23.4 - Prob. 3CCh. 23.5 - Describe how phylogenetic information applied to...Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 23 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 1. The...Ch. 23 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 23 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 3....Ch. 23 - Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 4. The...Ch. 23 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 23 - Test Your Understanding Apply and Analyze 9. In...Ch. 23 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 23 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 23 - Test Your Understanding Evaluate and Synthesize...Ch. 23 - Prob. 15TYU
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- Test Your Understanding Apply and Analyze 9. In interpreting a cladogram, (a) we can identify the specific ancestor of each taxon by tracing each branch back to the node closest to the root (b) taxa on the right side of a cladogram have evolved from the taxa on the left side (c) the relative placement of smaller branches allows us to determine the number of years since a particular taxon has evolved (d) we can determine relationships by tracing along the branches back to the most recent common ancestor (e) we must first identify horizontal gene transferarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 4. The presence of homologous structures in two different groups of organisms suggests that (a) the organisms evolved from a common ancestor (b) convergent evolution has occurred (c) they belong to a polyphyletic group (d) homoplasy has occurred (e) independently acquired characters may evolve when organisms inhabit similar environmentsarrow_forwardDesign an Experiment Imagine that you are trying to determine the evolutionary relationships among six groups of animals that look very much alike because they have few measurable morphological characters. What data would you collect to reconstruct their phylogenetic history?arrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding 8.VISUALIZE Draw a simple cladogram illustrating the evolutionary relationships among extant mammals (marsupials, eutherians, and monotremes). Include the following characters in your cladogram: well-developed placenta, vivipary, endothermy, marsupium, hair.arrow_forwardINTERPRET DATA Imagine that you discover a new animal in a rain forest. It has an elongated, segmented body with bristles, and it has no obvious head. Where would youplace this animal in the accompanying cladogram? Support your decision. Look at the more detailed cladogram inFigure 30-6a (in Chapter 30). What additional characteristicswould help you place your animal in this cladogram? Explainyour decision-making process.arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding Evaluate and Synthesize 17. EVOLUTION LINK Scientists have proposed various initiatives to detect water vapor, as well as oxygen and carbondioxide, in the atmospheres of distant planets. Which of these biosignatures (chemical markers that are evidence for life) would you consider the most fundamental indicator that life could have evolved on these planets? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding 12.EVOLUTION LINK Explain to your roommate why the evolution of biological membranes was an essential step in the origin of life. Give arguments supporting (or challenging) this hypothesis.arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion to all parts 1. What are the wings of birds and bees are an example of? 1. a homologous character 2. convergent evolution 3. derived characters 4. mosaic evolution 5. ancestral charactersarrow_forwardIn what specific ways does a cladogram give us information about the evolutionary relationships of groups of organisms?arrow_forward
- Describe how biologists use morphology (including variations in body symmetry, number of tissue layers, and type of body cavity) and patterns of early development to infer relationships among animal phyla.arrow_forwardEVOLUTION LINK Examine the cladogram in Figure 30-6a. Based on the discussion in this chapter, what were some of the types of data that biologists used to determine these phylogenetic relationships?arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 7.Which of the following is true of mammals? (a) they evolved from saurischian dinosaurs (b) they are exotherms (c) they have hair and three middle ear bones (d) mammalian embryos do not have an amnion (e) they all bear their young alive (do not lay eggs).arrow_forward
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