Primary difference between structures of T − A and C − G base pairs and that of aniline has to be identified from the given options. Concept introduction: Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy. sp 3 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and three p-orbital. sp 2 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization between one s-orbital and two p-orbitals. sp hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and single p-orbital. Resonance is an electron displacement effect for stabilizing a molecule through delocalization of bonding electrons in the pi orbital.

Question

In the structures of T—A and C—G base pairs, there are three amino groups specifically labeled as “sp2 hybridized and planar”. What is the primary difference between these structures and that of aniline that lead to their planarity? 1. In contrast to aniline, the amino groups on the DNA bases are necessary to make the heterocyclic rings aromatic. 2. In contrast to aniline, the contributing structures that delocalize the nitrogen lone pairs onto the rings creates partial negative charges on electronegative atoms. 3. In contrast to aniline, the hydrogen bond accepting ability of the lone pairs on the -NH2 groups of the DNA bases is better when these amino groups are sp2 hybridized. 4. Both 2 and 3.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 23.5, Problem EQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Primary difference between structures of T−A and C−G base pairs and that of aniline has to be identified from the given options.

Concept introduction:

Hybridization is the mixing of valence atomic orbitals to get equivalent hybridized orbitals that having similar characteristics and energy.

sp3 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and three p-orbital.

sp2 hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization between one s-orbital and two p-orbitals.

sp hybrid orbitals is produced by hybridization of single s-orbital and single p-orbital.

Resonance is an electron displacement effect for stabilizing a molecule through delocalization of bonding electrons in the pi orbital.

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In the structures of T—A and C—G base pairs, there are three amino groups specifically labeled as “sp2 hybridized and planar”. What is the primary difference between these structures and that of aniline that lead to their planarity? 1. In contrast to aniline, the amino groups on the DNA bases are necessary to make the heterocyclic rings aromatic. 2. In contrast to aniline, the contributing structures that delocalize the nitrogen lone pairs onto the rings creates partial negative charges on electronegative atoms. 3. In contrast to aniline, the hydrogen bond accepting ability of the lone pairs on the -NH2 groups of the DNA bases is better when these amino groups are sp2 hybridized. 4. Both 2 and 3.

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