Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 10TYK

To construct a phylogenetic tree by applying the principles of parsimony to molecular sequence data, one would:

a. start by making assumptions about variations in the rates atwhich different DNA segments evolve.

b. group together organisms that share the largest number ofancestral sequences.

c. group together organisms that share derived sequences, matching the groups to those defined by morphologicalcharacters.

d. group together organisms that share derived sequences, minimizing the number of hypothesized evolutionarychanges.

e. identify derived sequences by studying the embryology of theorganisms.

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a) What is a phylogenetic tree? b) What is a branch point? c) What are sister taxa? d) What is a ‘rooted’ phylogenetic tree?
To apply parsimony to constructing a phylogenetic tree, (A) choose the tree that assumes all evolutionary changes are equally probable. (B) choose the tree in which the branch points are based on as many shared derived characters as possible. (C) choose the tree that represents the fewest evolutionary changes,in either DNA sequences or morphology. (D) choose the tree with the fewest branch points.
A phylogenetic tree is different from a cladogram in that ... Group of answer choices A: it shows that all species are not related to a common ancestor, but each has a distinct archetype. B: it represents the time scale of evolution, including where extinct species fit in. C: it uses an outgroup to compare a small group of species that exhibit similar traits D: it is not based on genetic or morphological evidence.
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