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The article “Study Points to Benefits of Knee Replacement Surgery Over Therapy Alone” (The New York Times, October 21, 2015) describes a study to compare two treatments for people with knee pain. In the study, 50 people with arthritis received knee replacement surgery followed by a program of exercise. Another 50 people with arthritis did not have surgery but received the same program of exercise. After 1 year, 85% of the people who had surgery and 68% of the people who did not have surgery reported pain relief.
- a. Why would it be important to determine if the researchers randomly assigned the people participating in the study to one of the two groups?
- b. Explain why you think that the researchers did not include a control group (a group that did not receive surgery and also did not receive an exercise program) in this study.
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