Concept explainers
Deathly Lamprey Repellent Predation by sea lampreys on native fishes in the Great Lakes is an ongoing problem. To help solve it, Michael Wagner and his team test methods of repelling lampreys. They carried out an experiment to investigate reports that sea lampreys detect the scent of lamprey carcasses and tend to avoid them. The researchers made alcohol-based lamprey carcass extracts, then observed what happened when lampreys were put in tanks and exposed to either this extract or to alcohol alone. FIGURE 25.6 shows their results.
FIGURE 25.6 Effectiveness of carcass extracts as a lamprey repellent.
Mean proportion of lampreys on the scented side of the test tank during B trials with 10 lampreys. Lampreys were placed in the tank for 20 minutes before exposure to alcohol or carcass extract and remained there for 40 minutes after exposure. The upper graph shows results with alcohol as the stimulus; the lower shows the results with carcass extracts. Bars indicate standard error.
What was the lowest proportion on lampreys on the scented side of the tank when the scent was alcohol? When the scent was alcohol-based carcass extract?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 25 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life
- The main predator that crab lab are avoid using the shadow response is?arrow_forwardTiger Moths produce high pitched ultrasonic clicking when they hear the echolocation calls of bats and we know that bats eat moths. As a result, the bat's sonar is jammed and the Tiger Moth escapes without being caught, killed, and eaten. Please use your knowledge of Evolution by Natural Selection to explain the process by which this remarkable anti-predator defense evolved in Tiger Moths. Please help me with this question! Thank you.arrow_forwardFish with organs specialized to detect electric organs can be found ______. in lakes and rivers of all continents as well as in marine habitats in oceans and in freshwater habitats in South America and Africa "in all of the oceans, but not in freshwater habitats" in freshwater habitats onlyarrow_forward
- Organisms have developed defense mechanisms to protect themselves from predation. These defense mechanisms include protective colouration Mullerian mimicry Batesian mimicry cryptic colouration chemical defense Match the following examples to the type of protective mechanism listed above.Stripes of a skunk AnswerA fawn with fur colouring that camouflages it in the forest AnswerTwo species of poisonous butterfly with the same colour pattern AnswerA hawkmoth with the same black and yellow body markings as a wasp Answerarrow_forwardPrey defenses often seem more specialized than the counter-defenses of their predators. Why?arrow_forwardBy 1935, hunting and trapping had eliminated wolves from the United States, except for Alaska. Wolves have since been protected as an endangered species, they have moved south from Canada and become reestablished in the Rocky Mountains and northern Great Lakes region. Conservationists who would like to speed up wolf recovery have reintroduced wolves into Yellowstone National Park. Local ranchers are opposed to bringing back the wolves because they fear predation on their cattle and sheep. What are some reasons for reestablishing wolves in Yellowstone National Park? What effects might the reintroduction of wolves have on the biological communities in the region? What might be done to mitigate the conflicts between ranchers and wolves?arrow_forward
- . In the summer of 2000, only 10 percent of the lobster population in Long Island Sound survived after a massive die-off. Many lobstermen in New York and Connecticut lost small businesses that their families had owned for generations. Some believe the die-off followed heavier sprays of pesticides to control mosquitoes that carry the West Nile virus. Explain why a chemical substance that targets mosquitoes might also harm lobsters but not fish.arrow_forwardharmless scarlet king snake and a venomous eastern coral snake have similar band patterns, as shown below. For the scarlet king snake, the adaptation of having a banding pattern like the eastern coral snake’s is known as mimicry. The outcome of this adaptation in the scarlet king snake is to —arrow_forwardConsidering the solutions discussed in the lecture, in your opinion, what could have been done to stop the extermination of the thylacine? Can you think of another predator today that is being exterminated as a result of man's fear and ignorance? hint: they are an American species just recently introduced to the Northern Rocky Mountains. Do a google search and write about this current issue. Who? Where? Why?arrow_forward
- European moles and Sumatran tigers both have eyes. However, European moles live completely in the dark and have very small eyes, while Sumatran tigers have large eyes that can see prey from far away. What most likely explains why both European moles and Sumatran tigers have eyes and why their eyes are different?arrow_forwardthe fennec fox is classified to which orderarrow_forwardWhen water birds have had their feathers fouled with crude oil and they are cleaned by rescuers, why are they not immediately released?arrow_forward
- Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap...BiologyISBN:9781305073951Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage Learning