BIOLOGY VOL. II
16th Edition
ISBN: 9781308795317
Author: Raven
Publisher: Mcgraw-Hill/Create
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 3U
Homoplastic structures
a can Involve convergence of completely unrelated developmental pathways.
b. always ate morphologically distinct.
c. are produced by divergent evolution of homologous structures.
d. are derived from the same structure In a shared common ancestor.
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Students have asked these similar questions
1. Embryology does NOT suggest which of the following?
A. Developmental mechanisms are unique for every different type of life and share no commonalities.
B. Human embryos pass through embryonic stages inherited from their ancestors.
C. Developmental mechanisms are evolutionarily modified in a way that is unique to an organism’s way of life.
2. Which comparative anatomy example does NOT support the theory of evolution?
A. Bats, humans, and cats have similarly constructed forelimbs and thus suggest a common ancestor.
B. The genus of legless lizards are no longer considered lizards and are now part of the snake genus.
C. Vestigial organs are structures that are no longer necessary for survival and are thus gradually becoming nonfunctional and reduced in size.
D. All statements support the theory of evolution
Gene duplications during vertebrate evolution have led toA. the control of body segmentation in mice by four copies of Hox genes.B. the abundance of somites in vertebrate embryos.C. the loss of other genes.D. a long development period of feathers in the chicken embryo.E. All of the above
Several very distantly related species (e.g., bats, birds, insects) have evolved the capability of flight. The most recent common ancestor of insects and vertebrates likely lived over 500 million years ago and was flightless. This independent evolution of flight in multiple, distantly related taxa is an example of what evolutionary process/pattern?
a.
Evolutionary reversal
b.
Convergent evolution
c.
Speciation
d.
Synapomorphy
Chapter 25 Solutions
BIOLOGY VOL. II
Ch. 25 - Heterochrony is a. the alteration of the spatial...Ch. 25 - Vast differences in the phenotypes of organisms as...Ch. 25 - Homoplastic structures a can Involve convergence...Ch. 25 - Hox genes are a. found in both plants and animals....Ch. 25 - The Brachyury and Thx5 in vertebrates and the Ap3...Ch. 25 - Which of the following statements about Pax6 is...Ch. 25 - Which of the following statements about TbxS is...Ch. 25 - Prob. 8UCh. 25 - Transcription factors are a. genes. b. sequences...Ch. 25 - Independently derived mutations of the CTC gene in...
Ch. 25 - Prob. 1ACh. 25 - Prob. 2ACh. 25 - The Eda allele that causes reduced armor...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4ACh. 25 - The paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 1...Ch. 25 - From the chapter on evolution of development it...Ch. 25 - Phenotypic diversity among major groups of...Ch. 25 - Critique the argument that eyes have multiple...Ch. 25 - Prob. 5SCh. 25 - Having read all of this chapter return to the clam...
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- Evolutionary theory predicts that species are related, not independent. Four of the following examples provide support for this prediction, but one is irrelevant. Which of examples listed below does not support the claim that species are related? A. Many dinosaurs and other organisms went extinct following a huge asteroid impact at the end of the Cretaceous. B. Before synthetic insulin was available, diabetics used injections of purified pig insulin to manage their disease. C. The endostyle of lancelets (invertebrate chordates) and the thyroid gland of vertebrates develop similarly, and both produce iodinated proteins. D. All prokaryotes and eukaryotes use DNA to carry their genetic information. E. Ground squirrel species found on the North and South sides of the Grand Canyon are very similar to each other.arrow_forwardDIRECTION: Match the picture in Column A with its corresponding evidence for evolution.in Column Band its description in Column C.arrow_forwardMany species look similar as embryos. What causes them to appear different as adults? Why does the study of development give insights into evolutionary relationships?arrow_forward
- Match the descriptions/examples types of evidence that support evolution. 1.Biogeography 2.Comparative Embryology 3.Comparative Anatomy 4.Molecular Biology A.Organisms in New Zealand are more similar to organisms in Australia than they are to organisms in North America . B.The embryos of many species have gill pouches even though the gill pouches are not used in these species . C.The forelimbs of the human ,cat ,whale and bat have many similar bones despite the fact that the forelimbs have different functions . D.The Human genome is 98% identical to the Chimpanzee genome .arrow_forwardAn evolutionary model of animal development explains how, O a.new genetic lines are produced less by modification than by unique mutation. O b.somites form as blocks of genes in cells randomly distributed throughout the body. OC.homeotic genes are found only in fruit flies, where they are responsible for odd placement of appendages. d. homeotic genes are not universal among animals. O e.animal body plans are constrained by existing structures in ancestral organisms.arrow_forward1. Contrast homology and analogy. Give an example of homoplasy. 2. Discuss adaptation and preadaptation. 3. Compare and contrast divergent, convergent, parallel, and organic evolution. 4. What is a vestigial structure? A rudimentary structure? 5. Describe heterochrony – specifically paedogenesis, neoteny, and paedomorphosis.arrow_forward
- 9999 333 wikimedia commons Some embryos share many similarities and are difficult to tell apart, while others are slightly easier. What can you conclude about the similarities and differences between the embryos of different species? Select one: a. The more closely related species show differences from the earlier stages. b. The more distantly related species share similarities until the later stages. c. The more closely related species share similarities until the later stages. d. The more distantly related species show differences in only the later stages.arrow_forwardScientists compare the structures of a chicken embryo and a human embryo at the same stage of development. They find that both vertebrates have similar shapes and structures, including the presence of gill slits and tails. How is this comparison of the embryos used as supporting evidence of evolution? A. The similarities suggest that chickens and humans are the direct descendants of modern day fish with tails and gill slits. B. The similarities suggest that vertebrates passthrough each of the adult stages of their evoluntionary history as they develop. C. The similarities suggest that vertebrates can undergo genetic changes during development that lead to the evolution of new species D. The similarities suggest that chickens and humans descend from ancestors with genes that code for the development of tails and gill slitsarrow_forwardA major source of evidence for evolution is to be found in the comparative anatomy of organisms. Features that look different but have similar structural origin are calleda. homologous structures.b. analogous structures.c. vestigial structures.d. convergent structuresarrow_forward
- 1)The wings of an insect and bird have similar structures and purposes, but different ancestors; therefore, the wings of both are ______ structures. * A. Homologous B. Analogous C. Identical D. Vestigialarrow_forward35arrow_forwardExamine the figure attached. Provide one idea of how gene evolution of major body patterning genes (hox genes) has influenced functional anatomy of vertebrates. Provide one place in evolutionary history (see diagram) from a group or clade to illustrate the idea.arrow_forward
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Embryology | Fertilization, Cleavage, Blastulation; Author: Ninja Nerd;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-KF0rnhKTU;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY