Concept explainers
Which of the following expressions are correct forms of Gauss’s law?
a.
b.
c.
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Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
- What is the magnitude of the electric force of attraction between uranium nucleus and its innermost electron if the distance between them is 8.9x10 pm? Express your final answer in scientific notation.arrow_forwardA 8.20 μC charged 1.00 g cork ball is suspended vertically on a 1.100 m long light string in the presence of a uniform downward-directed electric field of magnitude E = 8.50x105 N/C. If the ball is displaced slightly from the vertical, it oscillates like a simple pendulum. (c) Determine the acceleration of the ball due to the combined effects of the gravitational and electric fields. That is, what is the effective acceleration due to both gravity and the electric field? (What is the new "g" that you should use in the period equation?)arrow_forwardThe radius of circular electron orbits in the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom are given by (5.29 1011 m)n2, where n is the electron's energy level (Fig. P6.79). The speed of the electron in each energy level is (c/137n), where c = 3 108 m/s is the speed of light in vacuum, a. What is the centripetal acceleration of an electron in the ground state (n = 1) of the Bohr hydrogen atom? b. What are the magnitude and direction of the centripetal force acting on an electron in the ground state? c. What are the magnitude and direction of the centripetal force acting on an electron in the n = 2 excited state?arrow_forward
- Your roommate is having trouble understanding why solids form. He asks, Why would atoms bond into solids rather than just floating freely with respect to each other? To help him understand at least one type of bonding in solids, you decide to embark on an energy explanation. You show him a drawing of a primitive cell of a sodium chloride crystal, NaCl, or simple table salt. The drawing is shown in Figure P24.10, where the orange spheres are Na+ ions and the blue spheres are Cl ions. Each ion has a charge of magnitude equal to the elementary charge e. The ions lie on the comers of a cube of side d. You explain to your roommate that the electrical potential energy is defined as zero when all eight charges are infinitely far apart from each other. Then you bring them together to form the crystal structure shown. (a) Evaluate the electric potential energy of the crystal as shown and (b) show that it is energetically favorable for such crystals to form. Figure P24.10arrow_forwardYou are a coach for the Physics Olympics team participating in a competition overseas. You are given the following sample problem to present to your team of students, which you need to solve very quickly: A person is standing on the midline of a soccer field. At one end of the field, as shown in Figure P24.28, is a letter D, consisting of a semicircular metallic ring of radius R and a long straight metal rod of length 2R, the diameter of the ring. The plane of the ring is perpendicular to the ground and perpendicular to the midline of the field shown by the broken line in Figure P24.28. Because of an approaching lightning storm, the semicircular ring and the rod become charged. The ring and the rod each attain a charge Q. What is the electric potential at point P, which is at a position x along the midline of the field, measured from the center of the rod, due to the letter D? Think quickly and use all resources available to you, which include your physics textbook: yon are in competition! Figure P24.28arrow_forwardIn which of the following contexts ran Gausss law not be readily applied to find the electric field? (a) near a long, uniformly charged wire (b) above a large, uniformly charged plane (c) inside a uniformly charged ball (d) outside a uniformly charged sphere (e) Gausss law can be readily applied to find the electric field in all these contexts.arrow_forward
- What is the magnitude of the electric force of attraction between uranium nucleus and its innermost electron if the distance between them is 8.9 x 10 pm? Express your final answer in scientific notationarrow_forwardA 8.20 μC charged 1.00 g cork ball is suspended vertically on a 1.100 m long light string in the presence of a uniform downward-directed electric field of magnitude E = 8.50x105 N/C. If the ball is displaced slightly from the vertical, it oscillates like a simple pendulum. (d) Determine the period of the ball's oscillation in the electric field.arrow_forwardA 1.00-g cork ball having a positive charge of 2.00 μC is suspended vertically on a 0.500-m-long light string in the presence of a uniform downward-directed electric field of magnitude E = 1.00 × 105 N/C as in Figure P15.56. If the ball is displaced slightly from the vertical, it oscillates like a simple pendulum. (a) Determine the period of the ball’s oscillation. (b) Should gravity be included in the calculation for part (a)? Explain.arrow_forward
- a. Calculate the electric force and gravitational force between the proton and the electron for aHydrogen atom. b. What is the speed of the electron for a Hydrogen atom (ignore the force of gravity between the two particles.)c. How much extra energy is needed for the Electron to escape and create an H+ ion?arrow_forwardA uranium ion and an iron ion are separated by a distance of, R=23.30 nm, as shown in the figure. The uranium atom is singly ionized; the iron atom is doubly ionized. Calculate the distance r from the uranium atom at which an electron will be in equilibrium. Ignore the gravitational attraction between the particles. What is the magnitude ?UFU of the force on the electron from the uranium ion?arrow_forward7. Determine the velocity of the electron in a positronium atom which is shown in the figure (figure is attached). Assume the radius of the positronium atom is 2 x 5.3 x 10 cm a) What is the total angular momentum about the center of the positronium atom in Problem 7? b) What is the force on the electron due to the positron? (Give both magnitude and direction.) c) What is the electric potential energy of the positronium atom?arrow_forward
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