Biology: How Life Works
Biology: How Life Works
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319017637
Author: James Morris, Daniel Hartl, Andrew Knoll, Melissa Michael, Robert Lue, Andrew Berry, Andrew Biewener, Brian Farrell, N. Michele Holbrook
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 25.4, Problem 9SAQ
Summary Introduction

Life on earth is majorly classified into two types, which includes prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are characterized by unicellular or single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria and virus are some examples of prokaryotic organisms. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by cells that comprised of a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Eukaryotic organisms are usually made up of multicellular or more than a cell.

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The eukaryotic cell or domain first appeared no later than 1800 million years ago and probably earlier, even though the record is hard to trace out in older rocks. In sedimentary rocks dated at nearly 1050 million years old, the oldest fossils were found and this clearly indicates that the presence of a living group of eukaryotic organisms. These fossils preserve the topographies of current red algae. Therefore, by a billion years ago Archaeplastida had previously diverged from other superkingdoms of eukaryotes. Normally, photosynthesis had become established in eukaryotic organisms and simple multicellularity had already evolved within the domain. Numerous diversities of eukaryotes are recorded in rocks 800-700 million years ago, such as green algae and leftovers of amoebozoans.

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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License