Chemistry: Atoms First
Chemistry: Atoms First
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259638138
Author: Julia Burdge, Jason Overby Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 26, Problem 26.74QP

The following are two reaction schemes involving magnesium. Scheme I: When magnesium burns in oxygen, a white solid (A) is formed. A dissolves in 1 M HCl to give a colorless solution (B). Upon addition of Na2CO3 to B, a white precipitate is formed (C). On heating, C decomposes to D and a colorless gas is generated (E). When E is passed through limewater [an aqueous suspension of Ca(OH)2], a white precipitate appears (F). Scheme II: Magnesium reacts with 1 M H2SO4 to produce a colorless solution (G). Treating G with an excess of NaOH produces a white precipitate (H). H dissolves m 1 M HNO3 to form a colorless solution. When the solution is slowly evaporated, a white solid (I) appears. On heating I, a brown gas is given off. Identify A–I, and write equations representing the reactions involved.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The equations representing A-I involved reactions has to be written.

Concept introduction:

  • To write a chemical reaction from the given information we must understand which is going to react and which is going to form as product in a particular chemical reaction.
  • First write down the reactants in left side and analyze carefully the possibility of product obtained and this has to be placed in right side of a reaction.
  • We can represent a reaction by writing reactants in left side and products in the right side.

Explanation of Solution

To identify A in the reaction of 2Mg(s) + O2(g)A

2 moles of magnesium reacts with 1 mole of oxygen to produce 2 moles of magnesium oxide in solid form and the reaction scheme has to be represented as follows

2Mg(s) + O2(g)2MgO(s)

A= MgO(s)

To identify B in the reaction of MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) B

1 mole of magnesium oxide reacts with 2 moles of hydrogen chloride to produce 1 mole of magnesium chloride in aqueous form and the reaction scheme has to be represented as follows

MgO(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l)

B= MgCl2(aq)

To identify C in the reaction of MgCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) C

1 mole of magnesium chloride reacts with 1 mole of sodium carbonate to produce 1 mole of magnesium carbonate in solid form and 2 moles of sodium chloride and the reaction scheme has to be represented as follows

MgCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) MgCO3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

C= MgCO3(s)

To identify D in the reaction of MgCO3(s) D+E

On heating, magnesium carbonate decomposed into magnesium oxide and carbon dioxide and the reaction has to be represented as follows

MgCO3(s) MgO(s) + CO2(g)

D = MgO(s) E =  CO2(g)

To identify F in the reaction of CO2(g) + Ca(OH)2(aq)F

Carbon dioxide reacts with calcium hydroxide to produce calcium carbonate and water and the reaction has to be represented as follows

CO2(g) + Ca(OH)2(aq)CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)

F = CaCO3(s)

To identify G in the reaction of Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) G

Magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid to produce magnesium sulfate and hydrogen gas and the reaction is represented as follows

Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) MgSO4(aq) + H2(g)

G = MgSO4(aq) 

To identify H in the reaction of MgSO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)H

Magnesium sulfate reacts with sodium hydroxide to produce magnesium hydroxide and sodium sulfate and the reaction has to be represented as follows

MgSO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq)Mg(OH)2(s) + Na2SO4(aq)

H= Mg(OH)2(s) 

To identify I in the reaction of Mg(OH)2(aq) + 2HNO3(aq) I

Magnesium hydroxide reacts with nitric acid to produce magnesium nitrate and water after evaporation and the reaction is represented as follows

Mg(OH)2(aq) + 2HNO3(aq) Mg(NO3)2(aq) + 2H2O(l)

I = Mg(NO3)2(aq)

2Mg(NO3)2(s)2MgO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)

And NO2 is the brown gas.

Conclusion

The equations representing A-I involved reactions was identified.

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Chapter 26 Solutions

Chemistry: Atoms First

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