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Interpretation:
The amino acids sequence for the given mRNA base sequence code has to be predicted.
Concept Introduction:
Codon: A sequence of three ribonucleotides in the mRNA chain that codes for a specific amino acid; also a three-
Genetic code: The sequence of nucleotides, coded in triplets (codons) in mRNA that determines the sequence of amino acids in protein synthesis.
Translation: A tRNA molecule is a single polynucleotide chain held together by regions of base pairing in a partially helical structure. An amino acid is bonded to its specific tRNA by an ester linkage. Connecting specific amino acid at end of the tRNA is known as charging tRNA. Once done, tRNA is ready to be used in the protein synthesis.
At the other end of the tRNA, three anticodons are present which are complementary to the codons present in mRNA. Once the anticodons pairs off with codons, the amino acid at terminal end of the tRNA is delivered and attached to the growing protein chain.
Illustrated relationships are:
DNA informational strand : 5’ ATG CCA GTA GGC CAC TTG TCA 3’
DNA Template strand: 3’ TAC GGT CAT CCG GTG AAC AGT 5’
mRNA: 5’ AUG CCA GUA GGC CAC UUG UCA 3’
protein: Met Pro Val Gly His Leu Ser
Notice: 5’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the N-terminal amino acid, whereas the 3’ end of the mRNA strand codes for the C-terminal amino acid. Proteins are always written N-terminal to C-terminal, reading left to right.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
- If an extra nucleotide is inserted in the first exon of the beta globin gene, what effect will it have on the amino acid sequence of the globin polypeptides? Will the globin most likely be fully functional, partly functional, or nonfunctional? Why?arrow_forwardIf the genetic code uses triplets, how many different amino acids can be coded by a repeating RNA polymer composed of UA and UC (UAUCUAUCUAUC ...)? a. one b. two c. three d. four e. fivearrow_forwardWhat is the peptide encoded by this mRNA sequence 5’-UCU-GCA- AAU-UAA -GUU-3’?arrow_forward
- What polypeptide is coded for by this mRNA sequence? 5'-GCU-GAA-GUC-GAG-GUG-UGG-3'arrow_forwardIf methionine is always the first amino acid incorporated into an oligopeptide, what oligopeptide is coded for by the following stretch of mRNA?arrow_forwardHow Is the Base Sequence of mRNA Translated into Protein?arrow_forward
- How do nucleotide codon sequences determine the primary amino acid sequence of a nascent protein?arrow_forwardWhat is the sequence of bases for the start codon and what amino acid is made?arrow_forwardWhat is the one-letter amino acid sequence formed from the following mRNA that codes for a pentapeptide that is an endorphin called Leu-enkephalin? 5' AUG - UAC - GGU - GGA - UUU - CUA - UAA 3'arrow_forward
- How many amino acid are in each of the two polypeptides produced? And how many nucleotides long would the final processed mRNA made from the gene be?arrow_forwardWhat determines the sequence of nucleotides in the mRNA strand?arrow_forwardThe amino acid sequence for a short peptide is Tyr-Leu-Thr-Ala. What are the possible base sequences of the mRNA and the transcribed DNA strand that code for it? What are the anticodons?arrow_forward
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning