Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27.2, Problem 2SB
In primary endosymbiosis, a nonphotosynthetic eukaryotic cell engulfed a photosynthetic cyanobacterium. How many membranes surround the chloroplast that evolved?
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Endosymbiosis greatly altered eukaryotes as they acquired organelles. In the red algae shown below, the mitochondria is on left (solid lines), the chloroplast is in the middle (dotted lines), and the nucleus is on the right (dashed lines).
Which of the following structures in chlorarachniophytes provides evidence that they evolved through the endosymbiosis of a green alga by a heterotrophic eukaryote?
A. food vacuole
B. nucleomorph
C. mitosomes
D. flagella
How did the evolution of oxygen-releasing photosynthesis in cyanobacteria increase the likelihood that mitochondria would one day evolve?
Chapter 27 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 27.1 - What distinguishes protists from prokaryotes? What...Ch. 27.2 - What is the evidence that the metamonads, which...Ch. 27.2 - In primary endosymbiosis, a nonphotosynthetic...Ch. 27 - Which of the following is a characteristic of...Ch. 27 - Which of the following is not found among the...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 27 - When Paramecium conjugate: a. cytoplasmic division...Ch. 27 - The group Diplomonadida is characterized by: a. a...Ch. 27 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 27 - Prob. 7TYK
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- According to the endosymbiotic theory, protoeukaryotes did not have ribosomes until the endosymbiosis with mitochondria was established.arrow_forwardIn endosymbiotic theory, host cells were believed to have ingested smaller individual photosynthetic organisms through pinocytosisarrow_forwardAccording to the endosymbiotic theory of the origin of eukaryotic cells, how did chloroplasts originate? -by tertiary endosymbiosis -through secondary endosymbiosis -from the nuclear envelope folding outward and forming mitochondrial membranes -from infoldings of the plasma membrane, coupled with mutations of genes for oxygen-using metabolism -through primary endosymbiosisarrow_forward
- Which of the evolutionary sequences below does NOT represent how chloroplasts were derived? A.cyanobacteria → red algae →brown algae B.cyanobacteria → green algae → land plants C. cyanobacteria → green algae → fungi → land plants D. cyanobacteria → green algae → red algaearrow_forwardSome non-plant organisms like the protist that spreads malaria contain a non-photosynthetic chloroplast called an apicoplast. Crazy! What best explains how protists have evolved apicoplasts?arrow_forwardA scientist claims that the presence of aquaporins in chloroplast membranes supports the endosymbiotic theory. Support the claim with evidence from biological concepts.arrow_forward
- What are the ancestors of the chloroplasts in all plant cells? Ancient mitochondria Ancient cyanobacteria Modern cyanobacteria Ancient archaeaarrow_forwardChloroplast formation in zygotes of algae?arrow_forwardCompare prochlorophytes with other cyanobacteria. Why do they occupy stratified layers in the ocean?arrow_forward
- A scientist claims that the Presence of aquaporins is in chloroplast membrane support that Endosymbiotic theory?arrow_forwarda type of freshwater algae called Zygnema. Describe the shape of the cells How many chloroplasts are in each cell? Describe the shape of the chloroplasts.arrow_forwardHow can we use the structures that are involved with photosynthesis and cellular respiration to determine the earliest forms of life and how they developed? Why is the study of endosymbosis vital for biology?arrow_forward
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Endosymbiotic Theory; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGnS-Xk0ZqU;License: Standard Youtube License