What are ketone bodies and how do they play a role in metabolism?

Q: What is gluconeogenesis? Compare glycogenesis with glycogenolysis.

A: Gluconeogenesis is the metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from certain…

Q: What is the input material for the citric acid cycle, and other than energy carriers what are the…

A: Citric acid cycle or Kreb's cycle takes place inside the mitochondria matrix.

Q: Why is the glycolysis pathway divided into two main parts?

A: Glycolysis pathway:

Q: What are coupled reactions and why does coupling occur?

A: The coupled reactions are are formed by the reaction of fragments in the presence of the metal…

Q: What is the structural difference between ATP and ADP?

A:

Q: What substance, which is produced in the body upon sun exposure, is modified into calcitriol?…

A: The substance which produced in the body upon sun exposure, is modified into calcitriol is:-

Q: Compare glycolysis and gluconeogenesis with regards to the reactant that begins the pathway and the…

A: Monosaccharides and disaccharides are the units of sugar in carbohydrates. Monosaccharides arethe…

Q: The carbon dioxide you breathe out comes from A. glycolysis. B. the electron-transport chain. C.…

A: This biochemical reaction occurs inside human bodies are mainly sugars, carbohydrates, fats and…

Q: In electron transport, NADH and FADH2 are used to provide  a. oxygen b. electrons and hydrogen ions…

A:

Q: What is the structural difference between coenzyme A and acetyl CoA?

A: The structural difference between coenzyme A and acetyl CoA has to be given below.

Q: What types of reactions are involved in glycolysis?

A: Glycolysis is the process of the metabolism of glucose molecules.

Q: Which reaction links glycolysis and the citric acid cycle? a. How is the reaction catalyzed?

A: The simple answer to the asked question is the name of the enzyme through which the citric acid…

Q: Draw (be specific on the structures of each component in the cycle) and explain the entire process…

A:

Q: Why must the NADH produced in glycolysis be re-oxidized to NAD +? How is this accomplished…

A: During strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction…

Q: Identify at least five biological effects of disorders of the citric acid cycle. And briefly discuss…

A:

Q: Identify each of the following as a characteristic of one or more of the following processes:…

A: Glycolysis :  In Glycolysis glucose is converted into pyruvic acid . glycogenesis:  The formation of…

Q: in short words : what is the hydrogenation of triacylglyceride

A:

Q: What

A: We have to tell the type of reaction

Q: Which metabolic pathway is directly responsible for the production of the most ATP molecules?

A: To find: Which metabolic pathway is directly responsible for the production of the most ATP…

Q: What is the difference between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis?

A: Glycolysis It is the process where glucose molecule is divided into two molecules called pyruvate it…

Q: Under what cellular conditions is pyruvate converted to acetyl CoA in the human body?

A: Pyruvate is converted into Acetyl CoA in an intermediate process just before the Citric Acid Cycle.…

Q: in one step of he glycolysis pathway, a chain is broken into two fragments, only one which can be…

A: The metabolic pathway in which the glucose is converted into pyruvate is called as glycolysis. Since…

Q: How many ATP molecules (not including GTP molecules) does a liver cell spend to make one glucose…

A: It spend two ATP molecules which form ADP molecule.

Q: What are ketone bodies and mention its importance and effects in our body.

A: Ketone bodies are the water-soluble molecules containing the ketone group that are present in the…

Q: Under what conditions are ketone bodies produced?

A: Ketone bodies are the water soluble molecules(acetoacetate,beta-hydroxybutyrate and the sponatneous…

Q: What are the four stages of metabolism?

A: The four stages of cellular metabolism are : 1) Glycolysis 2) Transition reaction 3) The Kreb's…

Q: Describe the energy output, initial substrates, and end products of the glycolysis process.

A: Glycolysis is the aerobic catabolic breakdown of glucose which breaks down into carbon compounds and…

Q: In one step of the glycolysis pathway, a chain is broken into two fragments, only one of which can…

A: Glycolysis is a catabolic process which occurs in cytosol of all the cells. In this glucose is…

Q: List the effects of Cortisol on Organic Metabolism?

A: Muscle cells reduce glucose uptake and consumption while increasing protein degradation in the…

Q: What chemical events occur during the digestion of food?

A:

Q: How many molecules of ATP are obtained from the b-oxidation of one molecule of a 16-carbon saturated…

A: Acetyl CoA generated by the beta oxidation enters the mitochondrial TCA cycle. When it enters TCA…

Q: Glycolysis is the first step in the oxidation of fatty acids to produce energy. True or False

A: The given statement is Glycolysis is the first step in the oxidation of fatty acids to produce…

Q: How elongation of fatty acids is performed in mitochondria ?

A: In the mitochondria, fatty acid is elongated through reversal of β-oxidation.

Q: The citric acid cycle is also called the tricarboxylic acid cycle (or TCA cycle). Which of the…

A: The Citric Acid Cycle is the series of chemical reactions that are performed in the body of every…

Q: During the overall process of glycolysis, in which of the following occurs for each glucose molecule…

A:

Q: What organ is the source of glucagon?

A: Given: To identify the organ which is the source of glucagon.

Q: Which process occurs in the cytosol? O The citric acid cycle O Glycolysis O The conversion of…

A: Cytosol is a part or component of cytoplasm.

Q: What is the name of the enzyme that converts glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate?

A: Glycerol is the a trihydric alcohol while in glycerol-3-phosphate, a phosphate group is present at…

Q: Glucagon secretion increases (A) After a carbohydrate-rich meal (B) After a fat-rich meal (C) When…

A: we need to select the correct statement for glucagon secretion

Q: Which reaction links glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

A: Glycolysis is the process in which one glucose molecule is broken down to form two molecules of…

Q: What are the enzymes and co-enzymes in each step needed in beta oxidation of fatty acids.

A: Please find below the attached enzymes and co-enzymes in each step needed in beta oxidation of fatty…

Q: Pyruvate is a precursor for which of the following molecules? O ethanol O acetyl-CoA O glucose O…

A:

Q: Glucose 6-phosphate is in a pivotal position in metabolism. Depending on conditions, glucose…

A: Glucose is a simple, six-carbon sugar and is one of the most important organic molecules in living…

Q: What is the process that produces glucose intended for use in brain cells and red blood cells in…

A: The human brain depends upon glucose as its main source of energy, and tight regulation of glucose…

Q: Glycolysis, A. is the breakdown of glucose to two pyruvic acid molecules. B. requires the input of…

A: The term glycolysis refers to the metabolic pathway in which glucose gets converted to pyruvate…

Q: What is the key chemical reaction that is found in the first stage of metabolism?

A: Metabolism is the sum of all of the chemical reactions that are involved in catabolism and…

Q: Which of these reactions take place in both anaerobic and aerobic respiration? A. glycolysis B.…

A: In aerobic respiration energy produce due to the breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen. In…

Q: Energy from the breakdown of citrate (formed from acetyl groups) is captured by what compound in…

A: Given cycle,            Citric acid cycle. In the citric acid cycle, there are 8 steps involved.

Q: What is the function of bile in fat digestion?

A: Bile salts emulsify fats and break them down into smaller particles which gives the enzyme lipase a…

Q: what is the end-product of digestion?

A: Digestion is a biological process in which the large insoluble food molecules are broken down into…

Organic Chemistry of Metabolic Pathways

Metabolic pathways allude to the arrangement of chemical catalyzed reactions that lead to the transformation of a substance into the final product. Metabolic pathways incorporate a progression of reaction where the substrate is changed continuously and the transitional metabolites are persistently recovered.

Glucogenesis

Glucogenesis is a metabolic pathway in which glucose is produced from carbon substrates that are not carbohydrates. This process is observed in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria and other micro organisms. The general  definition for glucogenesis or gluconeogenesis is as follows,