Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 29, Problem 9P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
To give the ways in which the covalent modifications occurring on histone tails affect the DNA histone interactions.
Concept introduction:
DNA or Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule made of two chains which coil around one another. These form a double helix which carries instructions genetical in nature like related to reproduction, growth, development, functioning of the living organisms.
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Chapter 29 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 29 - Prob. 1PCh. 29 - The Events in Transcription Initiation Describe...Ch. 29 - Substrate Binding by RNA Polymerase RNA polymerase...Ch. 29 - Comparison of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic...Ch. 29 - Prob. 5PCh. 29 - Prob. 6PCh. 29 - Prob. 7PCh. 29 - Alternative Splicing Possibilities Suppose exon 17...Ch. 29 - Prob. 9PCh. 29 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 29 - Post-transcriptional Modification of Eukaryotic...Ch. 29 - Prob. 12PCh. 29 - Prob. 13PCh. 29 - The Lariat Intermediate in RNA Splicing Draw the...Ch. 29 - Prob. 15PCh. 29 - Prob. 16PCh. 29 - Prob. 17PCh. 29 - Prob. 18PCh. 29 - Figure 29.15 highlights in red the DNA phosphate...Ch. 29 - Chromatin decompaction is a preliminary step in...
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- Examination of the histone modifications of a gene reveals an abundance of histone H3 with lysine 27 modified with a single methyl group. Does this suggest that this gene is activated or repressed? How would your answer change if many lysine 27 residues were modified with three methyl groups each?arrow_forwardExamination of the histone modifications around a gene reveals an abundance of histone H3 with lysine 27 modified with three methyl groups. Does this suggest that this gene is activated or repressed? How would your answer change if many lysine 27 residues were modified with acetyl groups?arrow_forwardHistone proteins are among the most highly conserved proteins in eukaryotes. histone h4 proteins from a pea and a cow, for example, differ in only 2 of 102 amino acids. Comparison of the gene sequences shows many more differences, but only two change the amino acid sequence. These observations indicate that mutations that change amino acids must have been selected against during evolution. Why do you suppose that amino- acid-altering mutations in histone genes are deleterious?arrow_forward
- Describe the packaging of chromosomal DNA by histones with diagrammatic representations. Name the various histone modifications and describe any two among them.arrow_forwardHistone genes are unusual among eukaryotic genes because they do not have introns, and histone mRNAs do not have poly(A) tails. Moreover, in almost all eukaryotes, histone genes are arranged in multiple tandem domains, each domain carrying one copy of each of the five histone genes. Explain these features in terms of the special requirements for histone synthesis.arrow_forwardNucleosome positioning could affect the transcriptional activity of a gene. Give your inference on the activity of the gene in these condition: 1. No histone H1 protein and nucleosome structures cover the promoter, 2. Nucleosome crosslinked with histone H1 flanking the promoter region. 3. No nucleosome and Histone H1 flanking the promoter region.arrow_forward
- The activity of ________ will result in an increasedpositive charge on the histone. Question 24 options: Histone acetyltransferase Histone deacetylase Histone methyltransferase Maintenance methylase Histone demethylasearrow_forwardWithin living cells, many different proteins play importantfunctional roles by binding to DNA. Some proteins bind to DNA butnot in a sequence-specific manner. For example, histones are proteinsimportant in the formation of chromosome structure. The positivelycharged histone proteins bind to the negatively charged phosphategroups in DNA. In addition, several other proteins interact with DNAbut do not require a specific nucleotide sequence to carry out theirfunction. For example, DNA polymerase, which catalyzes thesynthesis of new DNA strands, does not bind to DNA in a sequencedependentmanner. By comparison, many other proteins do interactwith nucleic acids in a sequence-dependent fashion. This means thata specific sequence of bases can provide a structure that isrecognized by a particular protein.Someexamples include transcription factors that affect the rate oftranscription and proteins that bind to origins of replication inbacteria. With regard to the three-dimensional structure of…arrow_forwardWithin living cells, many different proteins play importantfunctional roles by binding to DNA. Some proteins bind to DNA butnot in a sequence-specific manner. For example, histones are proteinsimportant in the formation of chromosome structure. The positivelycharged histone proteins bind to the negatively charged phosphategroups in DNA. In addition, several other proteins interact with DNAbut do not require a specific nucleotide sequence to carry out theirfunction. For example, DNA polymerase, which catalyzes thesynthesis of new DNA strands, does not bind to DNA in a sequencedependentmanner. By comparison, many other proteins do interactwith nucleic acids in a sequence-dependent fashion. This means that a specific sequence of bases can provide a structure that isrecognized by a particular protein.Someexamples include transcription factors that affect the rate oftranscription and proteins that bind to origins of replication inbacteria.What topic in genetics does this question address?arrow_forward
- Within living cells, many different proteins play importantfunctional roles by binding to DNA. Some proteins bind to DNA butnot in a sequence-specific manner. For example, histones are proteinsimportant in the formation of chromosome structure. The positivelycharged histone proteins bind to the negatively charged phosphategroups in DNA. In addition, several other proteins interact with DNAbut do not require a specific nucleotide sequence to carry out theirfunction. For example, DNA polymerase, which catalyzes thesynthesis of new DNA strands, does not bind to DNA in a sequencedependent manner. By comparison, many other proteins do interact with nucleic acids in a sequence-dependent fashion. This means that a specific sequence of bases can provide a structure that isrecognized by a particular protein.Someexamples include transcription factors that affect the rate oftranscription and proteins that bind to origins of replication inbacteria.What information do you know based onthe question…arrow_forwardWhat are the roles of the core histone proteins and of histone H1 inthe compaction of eukaryotic DNA?arrow_forwardCan you please help with 1a,1b, and 1c please 1a. Find a paper published in a scientific journal between January 2018 and September 2022 that addresses the role of an example of histone modification in affecting expression of a gene by altering histone acetylation/chromatin state of the DNA encoding that gene. What organism and/or cell type did the authors do their study in? 1b. Which histone(s) were affected by the acetylation and/or deacetylation? What gene did they show had altered expression levels in response to the change in histone acetylation? 1c. what effect did the histone modification they studied have on that gene's level of expression - was expression of the gene they examined increased or decreased?arrow_forward
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