Chemistry
Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021527
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 119AP

Calculate the number of cations and anions in each of the following compounds: (a) 8.38 g of KBr ,  (b) 5 .40 of Na 2 SO 4 , (c) 7 .45 g of Ca 3 ( PO 4 ) 2 .

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of cations and anions in the given compoundsis to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Equal number of anions and cations is present in an ionic compound to make the compound electrically neutral.

Positively charged ion is termed as cation whereas anion is negatively charged ion.

The number of moles of a reactant is calculated by the following formula:

m=wtMw

Here, m is the number of moles of a compound, wt is the weight of the compound, and Mw is the molecular weight of the compound.

According to mole concept, one mole of substance contains 6.022×1023 atoms.

Answer to Problem 119AP

Solution:

a)

0.424×1023 K+ ions and 0.424×1023 Br ions

b)

0.458×1023 Na+ ions  and  0.229×1023 SO42 ions

c)

0.434×1023 Ca2+ ions  and 0.289×1023 (PO4)3 ions

Explanation of Solution

a) 8.38 g KBr

The number of moles of ions in 8.38 g KBr with the molecular weight of 119 g/mole is calculated as follows:

m=(8.38119)=0.070 moles

Thus, 0.070 mole KBr will have 0.070 mole K+ and 0.070 mole Br ions.

Now, in 1 mole of  K+ ions, there are 6.022×1023 K+ ions.

The number of K+ ions in 0.070 mole K+ is calculated as follows:

K+ ions=(0.070×6.022×1023)=0.424×1023 ions

The number of Br ions in 0.070 mole Br is calculated as follows:

Br ions=(0.070×6.022×1023)=0.424×1023 ions

b) 5.40 g Na2SO4

The number of moles of ions in 5.40 g Na2SO4 with the molecular weight of 142 g/mole is calculated as follows:

m=(5.4142)=0.038 moles

Thus, 0.038 moles of Na2SO4 will have 2×0.038 mole Na+ and 0.038 mole SO4 ions.

Now, in 1 mole Na+, there are 6.022×1023 Na+ ions.

The number of Na+ ions in Na2SO4 is calculated as follows:

Na+ ions=(2×0.038×6.022×1023)=0.458×1023 ions

The number of SO42 ions in 0.038 mole SO42 is calculated as follows:

SO42 ions=0.038×6.022×1023=0.229×1023 ions

c) 7.45 g Ca3(PO4)2

The number of moles of ions in 7.45 g Ca3(PO4)2 with the molecular weight of 310 g/mole is calculated as follows:

m=(7.45310)=0.024 moles

Now, in 1  mole  Ca2+, there are 6.022×1023 Ca2+ ions.

The number of ions in 0.024 mole Ca2+ is calculated as follows:

Ca+ ions=(3×0.024×6.022×1023)=0.434×1023 ions

The number of ions in 0.024 mole PO43 is as follows:

PO43 ions=(2×0.024×6.022×1023)=0.289×1023 ions

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
Give the number of atoms of the specified element in a formula unit of each of the following compounds, and calculate the molecular (formula) mass:(a) Oxygen in aluminum sulfate, Al2(SO4)3(b) Hydrogen in ammonium hydrogen phosphate, (NH4)2HPO4(c) Oxygen in the mineral azurite, Cu3(OH)2(CO3)2
Give the number of atoms of the specified element in a formula unit of each of the following compounds, and calculate the molecular (formula) mass:(a) Hydrogen in ammonium benzoate, C6H5COONH4(b) Nitrogen in hydrazinium sulfate, N2H6SO4(c) Oxygen in the mineral leadhillite, Pb4SO4(CO3)2(OH)2
What is the molecular weight of sugar, C6H12O6 in atomic mass units? And If you had one mole of sugar molecules, how much would it weigh?

Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.3 - Practice Problem BUILD Write and balance the...Ch. 3.3 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Write a balanced...Ch. 3.3 - What are the stoichiometric coefficients in the...Ch. 3.3 - 3.3.2 Which chemical equation represents the...Ch. 3.3 - 3.3.3 Which is the correctly balanced form of the...Ch. 3.3 - 3.3.4 Carbon monoxide reacts with oxygen to...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.4 - Practice Problem BUILD Write and balance the...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 3.4 - How many molecules are in 30 .1 g of sulfur...Ch. 3.4 - How many moles of hydrogen are there in 6 .50 g of...Ch. 3.4 - 3.4.3 Determine the empirical formula of a...Ch. 3.4 - Determine the empirical formula of a compound that...Ch. 3.5 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Potassium is the second...Ch. 3.5 - Practice Problem BUILD Calculate (a) the number...Ch. 3.5 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE These diagrams show...Ch. 3.5 - What is the empirical formula of a compound...Ch. 3.5 - 3.5.2 What are the empirical and molecular...Ch. 3.5 - 3.5.3 Determine the masses of and produced by...Ch. 3.5 - How is it possible for the combined masses of CO 2...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.6 - Practice Problem BUILD (a) Determine the mass of...Ch. 3.6 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Plain doughnuts from...Ch. 3.6 - 3.6.1 How many moles of will be produced if Li...Ch. 3.6 - 3.6.2 Determine the stoichiometric amount (in...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.7 - Practice ProblemBUILD (a) Determine the number of...Ch. 3.7 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE A particular...Ch. 3.7 - 3.7.1 What mass of is produced according to the...Ch. 3.7 - 3.7.2 What is the percent yield for a process in...Ch. 3.7 - How many moles of NH 3 can be produced by the...Ch. 3.7 - What mass of water is produced by the reaction of...Ch. 3.7 - Reactants A (red) and B (blue) combine to form a...Ch. 3.7 - Which of the following represents the contents of...Ch. 3.8 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Determine the empirical...Ch. 3.8 - Practice ProblemBUILD Determine the empirical...Ch. 3.8 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE What is the smallest...Ch. 3.9 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT The combustion of a 28...Ch. 3.9 - Practice ProblemBUILD Determine the mass of CO 2...Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 3.10 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.10 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 3.10 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 3.11 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Calculate the mass of...Ch. 3.11 - Practice Problem BUILD What mass of glucose must...Ch. 3.11 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 3.12 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.12 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 3.12 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE The diagrams show a...Ch. 3.13 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.13 - Practice Problem BUILD What mass of ether will be...Ch. 3.13 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 3.14 - Prob. 1PPACh. 3.14 - Practice Problem BUILD Using the chemical species...Ch. 3.14 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 3 - 3.1 Calculate the mass of water produced in the...Ch. 3 - 3.2 How much can be produced? (a) 350.0...Ch. 3 - 3.3 How much can be produced? (a) 91.51...Ch. 3 - 3.4 How much of the excess reactant remains when...Ch. 3 - What is meant by the term molecular mass, and why...Ch. 3 - Explain the difference between the terms molecular...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molecular mass (in amu) of each of...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molecular mass (in amu) of each of...Ch. 3 - Calculate the molecular mass or formula mass (in...Ch. 3 - 3.6 Calculate the molecular mass or formula mass...Ch. 3 - 3.7 Use ammonia to explain what is meant by the...Ch. 3 - 3.8 Describe how the knowledge of the percent...Ch. 3 - Tin (Sn) exists in Earth's crust as SnO 2 ....Ch. 3 - 3.10 For many years, chloroform was used as an...Ch. 3 - All the substances listed here are fertilizers...Ch. 3 - Limonene. shown here, is a by-product of the...Ch. 3 - 3.13 Tooth enamel is . Calculate the percent...Ch. 3 - A four-pack of Red Bull Energy Drink consists of...Ch. 3 - 3.15 A “variety pack" of ramen noodles consists of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 16QPCh. 3 - Prob. 17QPCh. 3 - 3.18 Why must a chemical equation be balanced?...Ch. 3 - Prob. 19QPCh. 3 - Write an unbalanced equation to represent each of...Ch. 3 - Write an unbalanced equation to represent each of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 22QPCh. 3 - For each of the following unbalanced chemical...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24QPCh. 3 - Prob. 25QPCh. 3 - Which of the following equations best represents...Ch. 3 - Prob. 27QPCh. 3 - Define the term mole. What is the unit for mole in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29QPCh. 3 - Prob. 30QPCh. 3 - If we know the empirical formula of a compound,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 32QPCh. 3 - The thickness of a piece of paper is 0.0036 in....Ch. 3 - Prob. 34QPCh. 3 - Prob. 35QPCh. 3 - Prob. 36QPCh. 3 - How many grams of gold ( Au ) are there in 15.3...Ch. 3 - Prob. 38QPCh. 3 - Prob. 39QPCh. 3 - 3.40 What is the mass in grams of lead atoms? Ch. 3 - Prob. 41QPCh. 3 - Prob. 42QPCh. 3 - Which of the following has a greater mass: two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 44QPCh. 3 - Prob. 45QPCh. 3 - Prob. 46QPCh. 3 - Prob. 47QPCh. 3 - Prob. 48QPCh. 3 - Prob. 49QPCh. 3 - Prob. 50QPCh. 3 - Prob. 51QPCh. 3 - Prob. 52QPCh. 3 - Prob. 53QPCh. 3 - Prob. 54QPCh. 3 - Prob. 55QPCh. 3 - Prob. 56QPCh. 3 - Prob. 57QPCh. 3 - Prob. 58QPCh. 3 - In response to invasion by a microorganism, the...Ch. 3 - Researchers recently reported that the compound in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 61QPCh. 3 - Prob. 62QPCh. 3 - 3.63 Menthol is a flavoring agent extracted from...Ch. 3 - 3.64 Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) contains C, H, and...Ch. 3 - The amino acid cysteine plays an important role in...Ch. 3 - 3.66 The diagram shows the products of a...Ch. 3 - 3.67 Which of the following diagrams could...Ch. 3 - 3.68 On what law is stoichiometry based? Why is it...Ch. 3 - Prob. 69QPCh. 3 - Prob. 70QPCh. 3 - Prob. 71QPCh. 3 - Prob. 72QPCh. 3 - Prob. 73QPCh. 3 - Prob. 74QPCh. 3 - 3.75 When baking soda (sodium bicarbonate or...Ch. 3 - Prob. 76QPCh. 3 - Prob. 77QPCh. 3 - Prob. 78QPCh. 3 - Prob. 79QPCh. 3 - Prob. 80QPCh. 3 - Prob. 81QPCh. 3 - Prob. 82QPCh. 3 - Prob. 83QPCh. 3 - Prob. 84QPCh. 3 - Prob. 85QPCh. 3 - Prob. 86QPCh. 3 - Prob. 87QPCh. 3 - Prob. 88QPCh. 3 - Prob. 89QPCh. 3 - Prob. 90QPCh. 3 - Prob. 91QPCh. 3 - Prob. 92QPCh. 3 - 3.93 When combined, aqueous solutions of sulfuric...Ch. 3 - Prob. 94QPCh. 3 - Nitroglycerin ( C 3 H 5 N 3 O 9 ) is a powerful...Ch. 3 - Prob. 96QPCh. 3 - Prob. 97QPCh. 3 - Prob. 98QPCh. 3 - Prob. 99QPCh. 3 - Prob. 100QPCh. 3 - Prob. 101QPCh. 3 - Prob. 102QPCh. 3 - Consider the reaction N 2 +3H 2 → 2NH 3 Assuming...Ch. 3 - 3.104 Determine whether each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 105QPCh. 3 - Prob. 106APCh. 3 - Prob. 107APCh. 3 - Prob. 108APCh. 3 - Prob. 109APCh. 3 - Prob. 110APCh. 3 - Prob. 111APCh. 3 - 3.112 The carat is the unit of mass used by...Ch. 3 - An iron bar weighed 664 g. After the bar had been...Ch. 3 - Prob. 114APCh. 3 - Suppose you are given a cube made of magnesium...Ch. 3 - Prob. 116APCh. 3 - Prob. 117APCh. 3 - Prob. 118APCh. 3 - Calculate the number of cations and anions in each...Ch. 3 - Prob. 120APCh. 3 - 3.121 Avogadro’s number has sometimes been...Ch. 3 - Prob. 122APCh. 3 - In the formation of carbon monoxide. CO, it is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 124APCh. 3 - Prob. 125APCh. 3 - A compound made up of C, H, and Cl contains 55.0...Ch. 3 - Prob. 127APCh. 3 - Prob. 128APCh. 3 - Prob. 129APCh. 3 - Prob. 130APCh. 3 - Prob. 131APCh. 3 - 3.132 A mixture of methane and ethane of mass...Ch. 3 - Prob. 133APCh. 3 - A die has an edge length of 1.5 cm. (a) What is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 135APCh. 3 - Prob. 136APCh. 3 - A sample containing NaCl, Na 2 SO 4 , and NaNO 3...Ch. 3 - Prob. 138APCh. 3 - Prob. 139APCh. 3 - Prob. 140APCh. 3 - An impure sample of zinc (Zn) is treated with an...Ch. 3 - One of the reactions that occurs in a blast...Ch. 3 - Prob. 143APCh. 3 - Prob. 144APCh. 3 - Prob. 145APCh. 3 - 3.146 Aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid is...Ch. 3 - Prob. 147APCh. 3 - Prob. 148APCh. 3 - Lysine, an essential amino acid in the human body,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 150APCh. 3 - Prob. 151APCh. 3 - Prob. 152APCh. 3 - Prob. 153APCh. 3 - Cysteine, shown here, is one of the 20 amino acids...Ch. 3 - Prob. 155APCh. 3 - Carbon dioxide ( CO 2 ) is the gas that is mainly...Ch. 3 - Prob. 157APCh. 3 - Prob. 158APCh. 3 - Prob. 159APCh. 3 - Prob. 160APCh. 3 - 3.161 Potash is any potassium mineral that is used...Ch. 3 - Prob. 162APCh. 3 - Prob. 163APCh. 3 - Prob. 164APCh. 3 - Prob. 1SEPPCh. 3 - Prob. 2SEPPCh. 3 - Prob. 3SEPPCh. 3 - Prob. 4SEPP
Knowledge Booster
Chemistry
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
    • SEE MORE QUESTIONS
    Recommended textbooks for you
  • Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305079373
    Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Chemistry: Principles and Practice
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9780534420123
    Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781337399425
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
  • Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781305079373
    Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Chemistry: Principles and Practice
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9780534420123
    Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward Mercer
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
    Chemistry
    ISBN:9781337399425
    Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
    Publisher:Cengage Learning
    Step by Step Stoichiometry Practice Problems | How to Pass ChemistryMole Conversions Made Easy: How to Convert Between Grams and Moles; Author: Ketzbook;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b2raanVWU6c;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY