Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781305079243
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 153CP

(a) (i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The change in energy for the given chemical reactions has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: In a chemical reaction, energy is either gained, endothermic reactions, or released, exothermic reactions. The change in energy can be stated as the difference between the energy required to break the bonds in case of reactants and the energy released on the formation of the products.

To determine: The change in energy for the stated reactions.

(a) (i)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 153CP

The change in energy =-2635.5kJ_

Explanation of Solution

Given

The chemical reaction involved is,

C6H6N12O12(s)6CO(g)+6N2(g)+3H2O(g)+32O2(g)

Formula

The change in energy = (Energy required to breakthe bonds in reactants)(Energy released whenproductsareformed)

Energy for reactants,

6CH=413kJ1mol×6mol=2478kJ

6N=O=607kJ1mol×6mol=3642kJ

3CC=347kJ1mol×3mol=1041kJ

12CN=305kJ1mol×12mol=3660kJ

6NN=160kJ1mol×6mol=960kJ

The total energy =(3660+1041+960+3642+2478)kJ=12987kJ (1)

For products,

6CO=1072kJ1mol×6mol=6432kJ

6NN=941kJ1mol×6mol=5646kJ

6OH=467kJ1mol×6mol=2802kJ

32O=O=495kJ1mol×32mol=742.5kJ

The total energy =(6432+5646+2802+742.5)kJ=15622.5kJ (2)

The change in energy =(12987-15622.5)kJ=-2635.5kJ_ (from equation (1) and (2))

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The change in energy for the given chemical reactions has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: In a chemical reaction, energy is either gained, endothermic reactions, or released, exothermic reactions. The change in energy can be stated as the difference between the energy required to break the bonds in case of reactants and the energy released on the formation of the products.

To determine: The change in energy for the stated reactions.

(ii)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 153CP

The change in energy =-3147kJ_

Explanation of Solution

Given

The chemical reaction involved is,

C6H6N12O12(s)3CO(g)+3CO2(g)+6N2(g)+3H2O(g)

Formula

The change in energy = (Energy required to breakthe bonds in reactants)(Energy released whenproductsareformed)

Energy for reactants,

6CH=413kJ1mol×6mol=2478kJ

6N=O=607kJ1mol×6mol=3642kJ

3CC=347kJ1mol×3mol=1041kJ

12CN=305kJ1mol×12mol=3660kJ

6NN=160kJ1mol×6mol=960kJ

The total energy =(3660+1041+960+3642+2478)kJ=12987kJ (1)

For products,

3CO=1072kJ1mol×3mol=3216kJ

6C=O=745kJ1mol×6mol=4470kJ

6NN=941kJ1mol×6mol=5646kJ

6OH=467kJ1mol×6mol=2802kJ

The total energy =(3216+4470+5646+2802)kJ=16134kJ (2)

The change in energy =(12987-16134)kJ=-3147kJ_ (from equation (1) and (2))

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The change in energy for the given chemical reactions has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: In a chemical reaction, energy is either gained, endothermic reactions, or released, exothermic reactions. The change in energy can be stated as the difference between the energy required to break the bonds in case of reactants and the energy released on the formation of the products.

To determine: The change in energy for the stated reactions.

(iii)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 153CP

The change in energy =-4191kJ_

Explanation of Solution

Given

The chemical reaction involved is,

C6H6N12O12(s)6CO2(g)+6N2(g)+6H2(g)

Formula

The change in energy = (Energy required to breakthe bonds in reactants)(Energy released whenproductsareformed)

Energy for reactants,

6CH=413kJ1mol×6mol=2478kJ

6N=O=607kJ1mol×6mol=3642kJ

3CC=347kJ1mol×3mol=1041kJ

12CN=305kJ1mol×12mol=3660kJ

6NN=160kJ1mol×6mol=960kJ

The total energy =(3660+1041+960+3642+2478)kJ=12987kJ (1)

For products,

12C=O=745kJ1mol×12mol=8940kJ

6NN=941kJ1mol×6mol=5646kJ

6HH=432kJ1mol×6mol=2592kJ

The total energy =(8940+5646+2592)kJ=17178kJ (2)

The change in energy =(12987-17178)kJ=-4191kJ_ (from equation (1) and (2))

Conclusion

The change in energy can be stated as the difference between the energy required to break the bonds in case of reactants and the energy released on the formation of the products.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The change in energy for the given chemical reactions has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: In a chemical reaction, energy is either gained, endothermic reactions, or released, exothermic reactions. The change in energy can be stated as the difference between the energy required to break the bonds in case of reactants and the energy released on the formation of the products.

To determine: The reaction that releases the larger amount of energy per kilogram of CL20 .

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 153CP

The reaction (iii) releases the largest amount of energy per kilogram of CL20 .

Explanation of Solution

One mole of C6H6N12O12 gives 438g .

In case of the (i) reaction,

438g of the reactant gives energy =2635.5kJ

Hence, 1kg of the reactant gives energy =2635.5438×1000kJ=-6017.12kJ

In case of the (ii) reaction,

438g of the reactant gives energy =3147kJ

Hence, 1kg of the reactant gives energy =3147438×1000kJ=-7184.9kJ

In case of the (iii) reaction,

438g of the reactant gives energy =4191kJ

Hence, 1kg of the reactant gives energy =4191438×1000kJ=-9568.49kJ_

The reaction (iii) releases the largest amount of energy per kilogram of CL20 .

Conclusion

The third stated reaction releases the largest amount of energy per kilogram of CL20 .

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach

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