Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 17TYU
EVOLUTION LINK Each amino acid could potentially exist as one of two possible enantiomers, known as the D-form and the L-form (based on the arrangement of the groups attached to the asymmetric α carbon). However, in all organisms, only L-amino acids are found in proteins. What does this suggest about the evolution of proteins?
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Each amino acid could potentially exist as one of two possible enantiomers, known as the D-form and the L-form (based on the arrangement of thegroups attached to the asymmetric α carbon). However, in all organisms, only L-amino acids are found in proteins. What does this suggest about the evolution of proteins?
All 20 amino acids found in human proteins have a common structure that includes:
A.
An amino group (-NH2)
B.
A carboxyl group (-COOH)
C.
An R group
D.
A and B
E.
A, B, and C
Which of the following statements is true about amino acids?
a. All twenty (20) of these protein-derived amino acids are a-amino acids, meaning that the amino group is located on the carbon alpha to the carboxyl group.
b. For nineteen (19) of the twenty (20) amino acids, the a-amino group is primary. Glycine is different; its a-amino group is secondary.
c. With the exception of proline, the a-carbon of each amino acid is a chiral center. As shown in Table 27.1, all 19 chiral amino acids have the same relative
d. Both a & c
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 3.1 - Describe the properties of carbon that make it the...Ch. 3.1 - Define the term isomer and distinguish among the...Ch. 3.1 - Identify the major functional groups present in...Ch. 3.1 - Explain the relationship between polymers and...Ch. 3.1 - What are some of the ways that the features of...Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 3.1 - Prob. 3CCh. 3.1 - Prob. 4CCh. 3.1 - Prob. 5CCh. 3.2 - Distinguish among monosaccharides, disaccharides,...
Ch. 3.2 - VISUALIZE Draw simple sketches comparing the...Ch. 3.3 - Distinguish among fats, phospholipids, and...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 3.3 - Explain why the structure of phospholipids enables...Ch. 3.4 - Give an overall description of the structure and...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 8LOCh. 3.4 - Distinguish among the four levels of organization...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 3.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 3.5 - Describe the components of a nucleotide. Name some...Ch. 3.5 - VISUALIZE Sketch a pyrimidine nucleotide subunit...Ch. 3.6 - Compare the functions and chemical compositions of...Ch. 3.6 - How can you distinguish a pentose sugar from a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 3 - VISUALIZE The structures depicted are (a)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 3 - The synthetic process by which monomers are...Ch. 3 - A monosaccharide designated as an aldehyde sugar...Ch. 3 - Structural polysaccharides typically (a) have...Ch. 3 - Saturated fatty acids are so named because they...Ch. 3 - Fatty acids in phospholipids and triacylglycerols...Ch. 3 - Which of the following levels of protein structure...Ch. 3 - Which of the following associations between R...Ch. 3 - Each phosphodiester linkage in DNA or RNA includes...Ch. 3 - PREDICT Do any of the amino acid side groups shown...Ch. 3 - PREDICT Like oxygen, sulfur forms two covalent...Ch. 3 - Hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions are...Ch. 3 - EVOLUTION LINK In what ways are all species alike...Ch. 3 - EVOLUTION LINK The total number of possible amino...Ch. 3 - EVOLUTION LINK Each amino acid could potentially...
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- At the center of all 20 standard amino acids is what is termed the a-carbon that is covalently bonded with four other chemical groups. Which of these four chemical groups is not a normal component of all amino acids? A. an amino group B. a carboxyl group C. a side chain (R group) D. a methyl grouparrow_forwardA mutation leads to a change in amino acid from valine, an amino acid with a nonpolar side chain, to aspartic acid, an amino acid with a polar, negatively-charged side chain. Do you think that the following levels of protein structure change? If so, how and why? If not, why not? Please frame your answer in terms of chemical bonds and interactions. (primary structure, secondary structure, tertiary structure, quartenary structure)arrow_forwardAn old biochemistry adage is that fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates. What is the molecular basis of this adage?arrow_forward
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