Chapter 3, Problem 1E

Explanation of Solution

Indicating the binding time based on different decisions:

• Here C-language is used to mention the bound time of the decisions.
• In language design time, the number of built-in functions are originally bound, though it may be increased by certain implementations.
  • C has few functions that are truthfully built-in functions, particularly sizeof.
  • The standard library provides a large number of additional functions.
  • The standard library includes printf, malloc, assert and different stdarg routines, are often special-cased by the complier in order to generate safe or faster code.
• C uses static scope to the variable declaration that corresponds to a particular variable reference.
• If there is a limit for character string the maximum length of the character is bound at the language implementation time.
• C does not have a feature to support nested subroutines, so the referencing environment for a subroutine that is passed as a parameter is regularly same as the environment in the effect when the subroutine was declared.
• Linker is used to store the address of a particular library function in most of the systems, but it may not be known until load time or even run time in systems that perform dynamic linking. Here noted only about the virtual addresses.
  • The physical addresses are invisible to the running program and are rarely changed by the operating system during execution.
• The total amount of space occupied by a program is bound at the run time, it includes the amount of stack and heap space needed will rarely depend on the inputs of the program.