Organic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781936221349
Author: Marc Loudon, Jim Parise
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure for the product of each of the given Lewis acid-base association reactions is to be derived by using curved-arrow notation. The formal charge on each species is to be assigned. The Lewis acid and the Lewis base is to be labeled. The atom that donates electrons in each case is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Lewis acid-base association reaction involves the transfer of a proton from a base to an acid. Lewis acid accepts an electron pair and acts as an electrophile. Lewis base donates an electron pair and acts as a nucleophile.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.1P

The Lewis acid and Lewis base are (CH3)C+ and H2O respectively. The atom that donates electrons is oxygen. The curved-arrow notation for given Lewis acid-base association reactions is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P , additional homework tip  1

Explanation of Solution

Lewis acids are electron donor, whereas Lewis bases are electron pair accepter. In water molecule oxygen consists of a lone pair. Thus, it will act a Lewis base and oxygen atom has tendnecy to donate its electrons. The (CH3)C+ is an electron deficient specie. Thus, it will act as a Lewis acid.

The oxygen in H2O donates its electron to (CH3)C+ andin bond formation H2O, holds a one unit positive formal charge, whereas (CH3)C+ accepts the electrons and becomes neutral. The curved-arrow notation for given Lewis acid-base association reactions is shown below.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P , additional homework tip  2

Figure 1

Conclusion

The Lewis acid and Lewis base are (CH3)C+ and H2O respectively. The atom that donates electrons is oxygen to (CH3)C+. The curved-arrow notation for given Lewis acid-base association reactions is shown in Figure 1.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure for the product of each of the given Lewis acid-base association reactions is to be derived by using curved-arrow notation. The formal charge on each species is to be assigned. The Lewis acid and the Lewis base is to be labeled. The atom that donates electrons in each case is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Lewis acid-base association reaction involves the transfer of a proton from a base to an acid. Lewis acid accepts an electron pair. It acts as an electrophile Lewis base donates an electron pair. It acts as nucleophile.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.1P

The Lewis acid and Lewis base are BF3 and NH3 respectively. The atom that donates electrons is nitrogen. The curved-arrow notation for given Lewis acid-base association reactions is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P , additional homework tip  3

Explanation of Solution

Lewis acids are electron donor, whereas Lewis bases are electron accepter. In NH3 molecule, nitrogen consists of lone pairs. Thus, it will act a Lewis base and nitrogen atom will donate its electrons. The BF3 is an electron deficient species. Thus, it will act as Lewis acid.

The nitrogen in NH3 donates its electron to BF3 and in bond formation NH3 holds an one unit postive formal charge, whereas BF3 accepts an electron and holds a one negative formal charge. The curved-arrow notation for given Lewis acid-base association reactions is shown below.

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 3, Problem 3.1P , additional homework tip  4

Figure 2

Conclusion

The Lewis acid and Lewis base are BF3 and NH3 respectively. The atom that donates electrons is nitrogen. The curved-arrow notation for given Lewis acid-base association reactions is shown in Figure 2.

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