(a)
Interpretation:
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles. These particles are very small and these are all the building blocks of atoms and they are known as subatomic particles. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are the subatomic particles that are found in atom. Electrons possess a negative electrical charge. Protons possess a positive electrical charge. Neutrons possess no charge and they are neutral.
Mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus of an atom. This gives the number of subatomic particle present inside the nucleus. Mass number is represented by the symbol A.
From atomic number and mass number, the number of each sub atomic particle can be found.
Complete chemical symbol notation can be given as.
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken by ordinary
(a)
Explanation of Solution
For
The atomic number is given as 7. The element is found to be nitrogen. Mass number given for nitrogen is given as 13. The number of protons present in it is also 7 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 6.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 13.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 20.
For
The atomic number is given as 6. The element is found to be carbon. Mass number given for carbon is given as 13. The number of protons present in it is also 6 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 7.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 13.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 19.
On comparing both the pair of atoms it is found that they contain same number of nucleons only.
(b)
Interpretation:
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles. These particles are very small and these are all the building blocks of atoms and they are known as subatomic particles. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are the subatomic particles that are found in atom. Electrons possess a negative electrical charge. Protons possess a positive electrical charge. Neutrons possess no charge and they are neutral.
Atomic number for each and every element is a unique one. This is the total number of protons that is present in an atom. As the atom is electrically neutral, it can also be said that the total number of electrons is the atomic number. Atomic number is represented by the symbol Z.
Mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus of an atom. This gives the number of subatomic particle present inside the nucleus. Mass number is represented by the symbol A.
From atomic number and mass number, the number of each sub atomic particle can be found.
Complete chemical symbol notation can be given as.
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken by ordinary chemical reactions into simpler substances. All the atoms in an element will have the same atomic number. The electrons only take part in the chemical reaction while the nucleus does not. Hence, the atomic number (number or protons) does not change and it characterizes an atom.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
For
The atomic number is given as 17. The element is found to be chlorine. Mass number given for chlorine is given as 37. The number of protons present in it is also 17 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 20.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 37.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 54.
For
The atomic number is given as 18. The element is found to be argon. Mass number given for argon is given as 36. The number of protons present in it is also 18 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 18.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 36.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 54.
On comparing both the pair of atoms it is found that they contain same number of subatomic particles in them.
(c)
Interpretation:
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles. These particles are very small and these are all the building blocks of atoms and they are known as subatomic particles. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are the subatomic particles that are found in atom. Electrons possess a negative electrical charge. Protons possess a positive electrical charge. Neutrons possess no charge and they are neutral.
Atomic number for each and every element is a unique one. This is the total number of protons that is present in an atom. As the atom is electrically neutral, it can also be said that the total number of electrons is the atomic number. Atomic number is represented by the symbol Z.
Mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus of an atom. This gives the number of subatomic particle present inside the nucleus. Mass number is represented by the symbol A.
From atomic number and mass number, the number of each sub atomic particle can be found.
Complete chemical symbol notation can be given as.
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken by ordinary chemical reactions into simpler substances. All the atoms in an element will have the same atomic number. The electrons only take part in the chemical reaction while the nucleus does not. Hence, the atomic number (number or protons) does not change and it characterizes an atom.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
For
The atomic number is given as 17. The element is found to be chlorine. Mass number given for chlorine is given as 35. The number of protons present in it is also 17 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 18.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 35.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 52.
For
The atomic number is given as 17. The element is found to be chlorine. Mass number given for chlorine is given as 37. The number of protons present in it is also 17 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 20.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 37.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 54.
On comparing both the pair of atoms it is found that they contain same number of protons.
(d)
Interpretation:
Concept Introduction:
Atoms are made up of even smaller particles. These particles are very small and these are all the building blocks of atoms and they are known as subatomic particles. Protons, electrons, and neutrons are the subatomic particles that are found in atom. Electrons possess a negative electrical charge. Protons possess a positive electrical charge. Neutrons possess no charge and they are neutral.
Atomic number for each and every element is a unique one. This is the total number of protons that is present in an atom. As the atom is electrically neutral, it can also be said that the total number of electrons is the atomic number. Atomic number is represented by the symbol Z.
Mass number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons inside the nucleus of an atom. This gives the number of subatomic particle present inside the nucleus. Mass number is represented by the symbol A.
From atomic number and mass number, the number of each sub atomic particle can be found.
Complete chemical symbol notation can be given as.
An element is a pure substance that cannot be broken by ordinary chemical reactions into simpler substances. All the atoms in an element will have the same atomic number. The electrons only take part in the chemical reaction while the nucleus does not. Hence, the atomic number (number or protons) does not change and it characterizes an atom.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
For
The atomic number is given as 8. The element is found to be oxygen. Mass number given for oxygen is given as 18. The number of protons present in it is also 8 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 10.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 18.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 26.
For
The atomic number is given as 9. The element is found to be fluorine. Mass number given for fluorine is given as 19. The number of protons present in it is also 17 as atomic number is the number of protons or electrons. Mass number of the sum of protons and neutrons present in the atom.
The number of neutrons can be identified by finding the difference between mass number and atomic number. This gives the number of neutrons to be 10.
The total number of nucleons is same as that of the mass number. This means the total number of nucleons is 19.
The total number of subatomic particle present in the given atom is the sum of mass number and atomic number. This means the total number of subatomic particle is 28.
On comparing both the pair of atoms it is found that they contain same number of neutrons.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 3 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- 2.10 Which isotope in each pair contains more neutrons? (A) 35Cl or 33S, (b) 19F or 19Ne, (c) 63Cu or 65Zn, (d) 126I or 127Tearrow_forwardIt is good practice to actively read the textbook and to try to verify claims that are made when you can. The following claim is made in your textbook: “. . . if the nucleus were the size of a grape, the electrons would be about 1 mile away on average.” Provide mathematical support for this statement.arrow_forwardWhile traveling to a distant universe, you discover the hypothetical element X. You obtain a representative sample of the element and discover that it is made up of two isotopes, X-23 and X-25. To help your science team calculate the atomic weight of the substance, you send the following drawing of your sample with your report. In the report, you also inform the science team that the brown atoms are X-23, which have an isotopic mass of 23.02 amu, and the green atoms are X-25, which have an isotopic mass of 25.147 amu. What is the atomic weight of element X?arrow_forward
- Do the proton and the neutron have exactly the same mass? How do the masses of the proton and the neutron compare to the mass of the electron? Which particles make the greatest contribution W the mass of an atom? Which particles make the greatest contribution to the chemical properties of an atom?arrow_forwardWhich particles in an atom are most responsible for the chemical properties of the atom? Where are these particles located in the atom?arrow_forwardExplain the operation of a cathode-ray tube. Describe the deflection of cathode rays by electrically charged plates placed within the cathode-ray tube. What does this imply about cathode rays?arrow_forward
- Though the common isotope of aluminum has a mass number of 27, isotopes of aluminum have been isolated (or prepared in nuclear reactors) with mass numbers of 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, and 30. How many neutrons are present in each of these isotopes? Why are they all considered aluminum atoms, even though they differ greatly in mass? Write the atomic symbol for each isotope.arrow_forwardAn average atomic nucleus has a diameter of about m.arrow_forwardAtoms are electrically neutral. This means that an atom will contain a.more protons than neutrons. b.more electrons than protons. c.an equal number of protons and electrons. d.None of the above.arrow_forward
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning