(a)
Interpretation:
The total number of valence electrons in of
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
8.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in n are 5 and that in hydrogen is 1 thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
(b)
Interpretation:
Number of valence electrons in
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
18.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in C are 4 and that in hydrogen is 1 thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
(c)
Interpretation:
Number of valence electrons in
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
24.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in C are 4, in H is 1and in O are 6 thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
(d)
Interpretation:
Number of valence electrons in
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
20.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in C are 4, in H is 1and in O are 6 thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
(e)
Interpretation:
Number of valence electrons in
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
32.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in C are 4 and in Cl is 7 thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
(f)
Interpretation:
Number of valence electrons in
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
18.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in H is 1, in nitrogen is 5 and in O are 6 thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
(g)
Interpretation:
Number of valence electrons in
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
32.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in C is 4, in Cl is 7 and in F is also 7 thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
(h)
Interpretation:
Number of valence electrons in
Concept Introduction:
The number of electrons present in outermost shell of an atom which are available for bonding are known as valence electrons. For a molecule, total number of valence electrons will be sum of valence electrons of each atom present in the molecule.
Answer to Problem 3.61P
12.
Explanation of Solution
Total number valence electrons in
The number of valence electrons in O are 6, thus.
Hence, total number valence electrons in
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- 3-32 Judging from their relative positions in the Periodic Table, which element in each pair has the larger electronegativity? (a)F or Cl (b) O or S (c) C or N (d) C or Farrow_forward3-109 Until several years ago, the two chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) most widely used as heat transfer media in refrigeration systems were Freon-li (trichloro fluoromethane, CC13F) and Freon-12 (dichiorodi fluoromethane, CCl2F2). Draw a three-dimensional representation of each molecule and indicate the Direction of it.s polarity.arrow_forward3-79 Answer true or false. (a) The letters VSEPR stand for valence-shell electron-pair repulsion. (b) In predicting bond angles about a central atom in a covalent molecule, the VSEPR model considers only shared electron pairs (electron pairs involved in forming covalent bonds). (c) The VSEPR model treats the two electron pairs of a double bond as one region of electron density and the three electron pairs of a triple bond as one region of electron density. (d) In carbon dioxide, OCO, carbon is surrounded by four pairs of electrons and the VSEPR model predicts 109.5° for the OCO bond angle. (e) For a central atom surrounded by three regions of electron density, the VSEPR model predicts bond angles of 120°. (f) The geometry about a carbon atom surrounded by three regions of electron density is described as trigonal planar. (g) For a central atom surrounded by four regions of electron density, the VSEPR model predicts bond angles of 360°/4 = 90°. (h) For the ammonia molecule, NH3, the VSEPR model predicts HNH bond angles of 109.5°. (i) For the ammonium ion, NH4, the VSEPR model predicts HNH bond angles of 109.5°. (j) The VSEPR model applies equally well to covalent compounds of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. (k) In water, HOH, the oxygen atom forms covalent bonds to two other atoms, and therefore, the VSEPR model predicts an HOH bond angle of 180°. (l) If you fail to consider unshared pairs of valence electrons when you use the VSEPR model, you will arrive at an incorrect prediction. (m) Given the assumptions of the VSEPR model, the only bond angles it predicts for compounds of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are 109.5°, 120°, and 180°.arrow_forward
- 3-67 Why does nitrogen have three bonds and one unshared pair of electrons in covalent compounds?arrow_forward3-70 Draw a Lewis structure of a covalent compound in which oxygen has: (a) Two single bonds and two unshared pairs of electrons (b) One double bond and two unshared pairs of electronsarrow_forward3-26 Table 3-2 shows the following ions of copper: Cu+ and Cu2+. Do these violate the octet rule? Explain.arrow_forward
- 3-64 Acetylene (C2H2), hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and nitrogen (N2) each contain a triple bond. Draw a Lewis structure for each molecule. Which of these are polar molecules, and which are nonpolar molecules?arrow_forward3-25 Why are carbon and silicon reluctant to form ionic bonds?arrow_forward3-87 Consider the molecule boron trffluoride, BF3. (a) Write a Lewis structure for BF3. (b) Predict the FBF bond angles using the VSEPR model. (c) Does BF3 have polar bonds? Is it a polar molecule?arrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning