Chemistry: Atoms First
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168154
Author: Richard Langley, Klaus Theopold, Paul Flowers
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 47E
Read the labels of several commercial products and identify monatomic ions of at least six main group elements contained in the products. Write the complete electron configurations of these cations and anions.
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If we say that electrons travel around the nucleus of an atom in rings or shells, we can assign that ring a limit on how many electrons they can carry. We say that the ring that surrounds the nucleus has room for 2 electrons, then each ring after that has room for 8 electrons. The outer most ring is called the valence ring or valance shell and may or may not be full. Realistically, this might not be the most accurate way to diagramming electron distribution, but it helps us to see why they are where they are on the table and why they bond the way that they do. It also helps us establish the Group number at the top of each column.
Let’s look at Carbon (C) – Given that C has an atomic number of 6:
How many protons does it have? D
How many electrons does it have? E
How many are in the first ring? F Second ring? G
Draw the number of electrons around each of these elements on your periodic table.
What…
A ceramic plate has a shiny rim. The ceramic plate is mostly composed of silicon and oxygen atoms. The shiny rim is mostly silver. When the plate is heated in a microwave oven, sparks are observed. Compare the ionization energy values of silver to those of the silicon and oxygen atoms. Explain what is happening in the oven. Why are microwaveable containers usually non-metallic? Why are most pots and pans metallic?
Determine the number of valence electrons and give the electronic confi guration of the valence electrons of each element: (a) nitrogen; (b) potassium.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry: Atoms First
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