Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 30, Problem 13P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence and its role in the variation of the efficiency of initiation of the protein synthesis needs to be defined.
Concept Introduction:
Australian scientists Lynn Dalgarno and John Shine proposed the Shine-Dalgarno sequence. Usually situated 8 bases upstream of the initial codon AUG, it is the ribosomal binding site within the mRNA. This sequence is present both within archaea, as well as in bacteria, and exists in some mitochondrial and chloroplastic transcripts. The sequence of RNA supports recruiting the ribosome towards the mRNA to start protein synthesis via aligning the ribosome with the initial codon.
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The base sequence of the gene coding for a short polypeptide is 5’CTACGCTAGGCGATTGATCATC’3.
What would be the base sequence of the mRNA transcribed from this gene? Highlight the start codon sequence
State the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide translated from this mRNA
Based on the information from part (a) and (b), describe the process used by eukaryotes to produce protein.
Template strand of DNA is: 3’ TACATAACCGGGCCCATATCGGCCATTTGC5’.
2a). Following transcription, what is the total number of codons in the mRNA transcript?
2 b). Where is the start codon located in this mRNA transcript?
2c). Following translation of this mRNA transcript, how many amino acids will the proteincontain and identify the amino acids sequence of this gene from a genetic code table*.*Note= using a genetic code table
The 3 major forms of RNA (mRNA, tRNA, & rRNA) interact during translation.
c)Compared to the average stability of mRNA in E.coli, is mRNA in a typical human cell more stable or less stable? Why?
Chapter 30 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 30 - Prob. 1PCh. 30 - Prob. 2PCh. 30 - The Second Genetic Code Review the evidence...Ch. 30 - Codon-Anticodon Recognition: Base-Pairing...Ch. 30 - Consequences of the Wobble Hypothesis Point out...Ch. 30 - Prob. 6PCh. 30 - Prob. 7PCh. 30 - Prob. 8PCh. 30 - Prob. 9PCh. 30 - The Consequences of Ribosome Complexity Eukaryotic...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
An unprocessed pre-mRNA has the following structure. Which of the following is not a possible size (in bp) of the mature mRNA? 205bp 180bp 150bp 100bp
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As opposed to DNA replication or transcription, translation requires the correct reading frame.
Use the sequence below to illustrate what the “reading frame” on an mRNA refers to.
(A): 5’ UUGCAUUGCAGC 3’
Write out ALL of the possible reading frames for the RNA shown in part (a).
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Explain why mature mRNA transcripts is a different size that pre-mRNA transcripts. Be sure to include the name of the protein-ribonucleotide complex that’s involved.
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In eukaryotic mRNA there are 90 nucleotide involved in translation process. What is the number of amino acid in the protein formed by this mRNA molecule?
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4. A mini mRNA has the sequence 5’-UUUGAAAUAUGAUUGAUAUUUAUAUAUGA-3.
a) Using the genetic code, provide the amino acids specified by the mini mRNA.
b) Label the two ends of the short peptide.
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) A normal mRNA that reads 5'- UGCCAUGGUAAUAACACAUGAAGGCCUGAAC-3' was an insertion mutation that changes the sequence to 5'- UGCCAUGGUUAAUAACACAUGAGGCGUGAAC-3'. Translate the original mRNA and the mutated mRNA and explain how insertion mutations can have dramatic effects on proteins. ( Hint; Be sure to find the initiation site).
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The base sequence of the gene coding for a short polypeptide is 5’CTACGCTAGGCGATTGATCATC’3.
a) What would be the base sequence of the mRNA transcribed from this gene? Highlight the start codon sequence
b) State the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide translated from this mRNA
c) Based on the information from part (a) and (b), describe the process used by eukaryotes to produce protein.
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Mutated DNA Sequence #2: T A C G A C C T T G G C G A C G A C TWhat’s the mRNA sequence?What will be the amino acid sequence?What kind of mutation is this?Will there likely be effects?
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A normal mRNA that reads 5’ – UGCCAUGGUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC– 3’ has an insertion mutation that changes the sequence to 5’ -UGCCAUGGUUAAUAACACAUGAGGCCUGAAC– 3’. Translate the original mRNA and the mutated mRNA, and explain how insertion mutations can have dramatic effects on proteins. (Hint: Be sure to find the initiation site.)
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Transcribe the DNA strand given above to write the sequence of the mRNA strand in the 5’ to 3’ direction.
Use the table and write the sequence of the resulting peptide.
Is it possible for a codon to code for another amino acid?
What will be the effect if a mutation changes the codon UAU to UAA?
What is a reading frame?
If you are given a nucleotide sequence, how would you find Open Reading Frames?
DISCUSS the reason why there are leading and lagging strands in replication?
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Consider this short mRNA: 5’ – AUGGCAGUGCAA – 3’. Answer the following questions assuming the code is non-overlapping.
How many codons are represented in this oligonucleotide?
If the second G were changed to a C, what would be the resulting amino acid?
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A mini mRNA has the sequence 5'UUUGAAAUAUGAUUGAUAUUUAUAUAUGA-3'.
a) Use the genetic code to provide the amino acids specified by the mRNA.
b) Label the two ends of the short peptide.
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